Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj, Iran
2
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj, Iran.
4
Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Approximately 21% of the annual global wheat yield is lost due to biotic stresses. Wheat leaf rust, a disease caused by Puccinia triticina, poses significant threat to wheat production in most growing regions. A cost-effective and sustainable approach to managing this disease is the development of resistant cultivars. Genetic resources stored in gene banks are critical reservoirs of resistance genes against biotic stresses. In this study, 100 lines from the Iranian bread wheat germplasm collection, in conjunction with ten commonly cultivated varieties and two susceptible controls; Bolani and Morocco, were evaluated for resistance to leaf rust at both seedling and adult plant stages. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in genetic department and National Plant gene-bank of Iran, SPII; using purified isolate Dez01 from Dezful in a randomized block design, while field trials were performed at the Safi-Abad research station in Dezful using an augmented design. The most susceptible cultivars exhibited highest infection levels, with field disease severity of 100 and a greenhouse infection type of 4. Among evaluated samples, 44 accessions and cultivars exhibited resistance in both greenhouse and field conditions. Additionally, 33 accessions were susceptible in the greenhouse but resistant at field, suggesting the presence of adult plant resistance (APR) genes. The presence of resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages indicates the existence of different resistance genes within the Iranian bread wheat germplasm. These findings underscore the potential of utilizing these genetic resources for further research and breeding programs aimed at developing durable resistance to wheat leaf rust.
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