Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Associate Professor, Cereal Research Department, Seed & Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), AREEO, Karaj, Iran
2
Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
3
Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Parsabad, Iran
10.22059/ijpps.2026.409761.1007102
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in the North warm and humid climate in Iran. The disease may also become important in the South warm and dry climate if weather conditions are conducive for the disease. In this study, 28 elite wheat genotypes from the South warm and dry climate were investigated in order to identifying and selecting resistant genotypes in a randomized complete block design under field conditions in two locations of Araghi-Mahalleh (Gorgan) and Moghan (Parsabad) agricultural research stations and in the greenhouse. Combined analysis of variance of several datasets including disease incidence, severity, and index and Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) from the field showed significant differences among the genotypes. Simple analysis of variance of data of disease progress within the inoculated spikes in the greenhouse also showed significant differences among the genotypes. This study showed that seven lines including S-93-25, S-93-23, S-93-12, S-93-24, S-93-27, S-93-10, and S-93-13, having an average rank of 3.8 to 8.3 from different variables of the disease collected from the field and greenhouse, had higher resistance to FHB. Three lines of S-93-17, S-93-11, and S-93-15 were stand in the next places. According to these data and other data collected from the South warm and dry breeding program, the line S-93-15 was denominated as the new wheat cultivar “Sahar” for cultivation in this zone. The other lines mentioned above may also be relevant candidates for replacement with older cultivars.
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