Effect of mating and previous parasitism on functional response of Trissolcus djadetshkoe (Hym.: Scelionidae) an egg parasitoid of Eurygaster integriceps (Hem.: Scutelleridae)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Former Graduate Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Trissolcus djadetshkoe Rjachowsky (Hym.: Scelionidae) is an egg parasitoid of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hem.: Scutelleridae) in Iran. Searching efficiency of this species was determined in a functional response context. Effect of female insemination as well as parasitism experience was also investigated. Host densities of 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 and 56 eggs were offered to a single female in 20, 20, 15, 15, 10 and 10 replications in a 24 h experiment in 1.5×10 cm vials. Virgin vs. inseminated females as well as inexperienced vs. experienced ones were used in two sets of experiments. All experiments were conducted in a growth chamber (26±1 ºC, 50±10% RH, 16: 8 h photoperiod). Logistic regression and nonlinear regression model of random search were used for analysis. All parasitoid responses were type III. Experienced females showed lower parasitism in all densities. Maximum attack rate estimates were 14 in experienced females vs. 34 in inexperienced ones. It seems that previous reproductive efforts have depleted energy of the females. A lighter difference was observed in virgin females over inseminated ones (25 vs. 17). This difference probably concerns with costs of sex allocation for inseminated mothers.    
 

Keywords

References

  1. Ahmadpour, S. (2013) Effect of superparasitism on reproductive potential and foraging behavior of Ooencyrtus fecundus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), egg parasitoid of sunn pest. M. Sc. Thesis in Agricultural Entomology, University of Tabriz, 99 pp. [in Farsi]
  2. Allahyari, H., Fard, P.A. & Nozari, J. (2004) Effect of host on functional response of offspring in two populations of Trissolcus grandis on the sunn pest. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128, 39-43.
  3. Amir Maafi, M. (2000) An investigation on the host-parasitoid system between Trissolcus grandis Thomson (Hym.: Scelionidae) and sunn pest eggs. Ph.D. dissertation on Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 220 pp. [in Farsi]
  4. Asgari, S., Sahragard, A., Kamali, K., Soleymannezhadian, E. & Fathipour, Y. (2001) Functional and numerical responses of sunn pest egg parasitoid, Trissolcus semistriatus, reared on Eurygaster integriceps and Graphosoma lineatum. Applied Entomology & Phytopathology, 69(2), 97-110.
  5. Bazavar, A. (2013) Effect of host unavailability durations on parasitism behavior of Trissolcus grandis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and Ooencyrtus fecundus Ferriere & Voegele (Hym.: Encyrtidae) egg parasitoids of sunn pest. M.Sc. Thesis in Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 68 pp. [in Farsi]
  6. BenaMolaei, P. (2014) Comparison of biological, demographic and behavioral characteristics of two populations of Trissolcus vassilievi Mayr (Hym., Scelionidae), egg parasitoid of sunn pest on two populations of the host. Ph.D. dissertation in Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tabriz, 222 pp. [in Farsi]
  7. Fathipour, Y., Kamali, K., Khalgani, J. & Abdollahi, G. (2000) Functional response of Trissolcus grandis (Hym., Scelionidae) to different egg densities of Eurygaster integriceps (Het., Scutelleridae) and effects of different wheat genotypes on it. Applied Entomology & Phytopathology, 68, 123-136. [in Farsi]
  8. Godfray, H. C. J. (1994) Parasitoids: behavioral and evolutionary ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
  9. Goubalt, M., Cortesero, A. M., Poinsot, D., Wajnberg, E. & Boivin, G. (2007) Does Host Value Influence Female Aggressiveness, Contest Outcome and Fitness Gain in Parasitoids? Ethology, 113, 334–343.
  10. Hamilton, W. D. (1967) Extraordinary sex ratios. Science, 156, 477-488.
  11. Iranipour, S., Rafat, A. & Safavi, S. A. (2013) Functional and numerical response of Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Hym.: Encyrtidae) against sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps (Hem.: Scutelleridae) eggs. 2nd Global Conference on Entomology, 8-12 Nov., Kuching Malaysia, Abstract No. 0103, P. 127.
  12. Jervis, M. A. & Copland, M. J. W. (1996) The life cycle. In M. A. Jervis & N. A. C. Kidd (Eds.), Insect natural enemies, practical approaches to their study and evaluation. (pp. 63-161). Chapmann & Hall, London.
  13. Juliano, S. A. (1993) Non-linear curve-fitting: predation and functional response curves. In S. M. Scheives & J. Gurevitch (Eds.), Design and Analysis of Ecological Experiments. (Pp. 159-182). Chapman & Hall, New York.
  14. Krebs, J. R. & Davies, N. B. (2012) An introduction to behavioral ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, UK.
  15. Kugimiya, S., Shimoda, T., Wajnberg, E., Uefune, M. & Takabayashi, J. (2010) Host-searching responses to herbivory-associated chemical information and patch use depend on mating status of female solitary parasitoid wasps. Ecological Entomology, 35, 279–286.
  16. Laumann, R. A., Moraes, M. C. B., Pareja, M., Alarca˜o, G. C., Botelho, A. C., Maia, A. H. N., Leonardecz, E. & Borges, M. (2008) Comparative biology and functional response of Trissolcus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and implications for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) biological control.  Biological Control, 44, 32-41.
  17. 17.   Li, C., Roitberg, B. D. & Mackauer, M. (1997) Effect of contact kairomone and experience on initial giving-up time. Entomologia  Experimentalis et Applicata, 84, 101–104.
  18. Rosenheim, J. A. & Rosen, D. (1991) Foraging and oviposition decision in the parasitoid Aphytis linganensis: distinguishing the influences of egg load and experience. Journal of Animal Ecology, 60, 873-893.
  19. SAS Institute (2009) SAS 9.2 for windows, SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC.
  20. Tagawa, J. (1987) Post-mating changes in the oviposition tactics of the parasitic wasp, Apanteles glomeratus L. (Hym. Braconidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology, 22, 537-542.
  21. van Alphen, J. J. M., Jervis, M. A. (1996) Foraging behavior. In M. A. Jervis & N. A. C. Kidd (Eds.), Insect natural enemies, practical approaches to their study and evaluation. (pp. 1-62). Chapmann & Hall, London.
  22. van den Assem, J. (1996) Mating behavior. In M. A. Jervis & N. A. C. Kidd (Eds.), Insect natural enemies, practical approaches to their study and evaluation. (pp. 163-221). Chapmann & Hall, London.
  23. van Driesche, R. G. & Bellows, J. T. S. (1996) Biological control. Chapman and Hall Pub., New York, USA.
  24. Vet, L. E. M. & Groenewold, A. W. (1990) Semiochemicals and learning in parasitoids. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 16, 3119-3135.
  25. Vet, L. E. M. & Dicke, M. (1992) Ecology of infochemical use by natural enemies in a tritrophic context. Annual Review of Entomology, 37, 141-172.
Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science
Volume 46, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
Spring & Summer
May 2015
Pages 131-139

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 December 2014
  • Revise Date: 04 May 2015
  • Accept Date: 06 July 2015

Share

How to cite

Statistics