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کاهش برازندگی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی با القای تغییرات سیستمیک در شاخسار هورمون پاشی‌شده گیاه ناشی از برهم‌کنش‌های رقم و هورمون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته - دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا

2 هیات علمی - دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا

چکیده

هورمون‌های گیاهی از ترکیباتی هستند که به دنبال حمله گیاه‌خواران افزایش یافته و توانایی دفاعی گیاه را بالا می‌برند. ایده کاربرد خارجی هورمون روی محصولات گیاهی به منظور القای مقاومت نسبت به حشرات گیاه‌خوار با بررسی واکنش‌های رفتاری و فیزیولوژیک شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی، Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) روی سه رقم گوجه‌فرنگی شامل دهقان، فلات-111 و موبیل در پاسخ به تیمارهای هورمونی اسید جاسمونیک و اسید سالیسیلیک با اندازه‌گیری ترجیح تخم‌گذاری حشرات ماده، زنده‌مانی و مدت نمو هر یک از مراحل نارس و مقدار کربوهیدرات‌ها و فنل‌های محلول در برگ‌ها مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ترجیح تخم‌گذاری افراد ماده و مدت تکوین جنین روی رقم حساس فلات-111 به طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای در واحد‌های آزمایشی اسید جاسمونیک به ترتیب کاهش و افزایش یافتند. نرخ نمو لارو بیشترین واکنش را نسبت به تیمارهای هورمونی در رقم نیمه مقاوم دهقان از خود نشان داد. زنده‌مانی و نرخ نمو شفیره‌ها نیز به طور قابل توجهی تحت تاثیر تیمارهای اسید جاسمونیک روی هر سه رقم کاهش یافت. با وجود (علی‌رغم) تفاوت‌های معنی‌دار در غلظت کربوهیدرات‌ها و فنل‌های محلول برگ ارقام گوجه‌فرنگی بین واحد‌های آزمایشی شاهد و هورمون‌پاشی‌شده و همچنین با وجود همبستگی مثبت معنی‌دار بین تغییرات غلظت کربوهیدرات‌ها و فنل‌ها در واحد‌های آزمایشی، همبستگی معناداری بین محتویات گیاهی اندازه‌گیری‌شده و متغیر‌های زیستی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی مشاهده نشد. نتایج نشان داد که هورمون‌های مذکور در تلفیق با ارقام مناسب گیاهی می‌توانند برای ایجاد تغییرات رفتاری و فیزیولوژیک در این آفت مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Systemic changes in tomato induced by foliar treated hormone and cultivar interactions reduce the fitness of an invasive specialist herbivore, tomato leafminer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azim Nemati 1
  • Babak Zahiri 2
  • Mohammad Khanjani 2
1 MSc Graduated
2 Academic Staff - Bu-Ali Sina University
چکیده [English]

Plant hormones are the compounds that are increased followed by the attack of herbivores to enhance plant defense ability. The idea of external application of hormones on crop plants to induce resistance to herbivores has been studied by examining the behavioral and physiological responses of tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on three tomato cultivars including Dehghan, Falat-111 and Mobil in response to jasmonic acid and salicylic acid hormone treatments by measuring the oviposition preference of the females, survivorship and development time of each immature stage and the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and phenols in the leaves. Oviposition preference of females and embryo development time on the susceptible cultivar, Falat-111, were significantly reduced and increased respectively in jasmonic acid treatment units. Larval development rate showed the highest response to hormonal treatments in the semi-resistant cultivar, Dehghan. Survivorship and development rates of the pupae were also significantly reduced under the influence of jasmonic acid treatments on all three cultivars. Despite significant differences in leaf soluble carbohydrates and phenols concentrations between control and sprayed tomato cultivars as well as a significant positive correlation between changes in carbohydrates and phenols concentrations in the experimental units, no significant correlation was observed between the aforementioned plant contents and insect biological variables. The results showed that these hormones in combination with appropriate plant varieties can be used to induce behavioral and physiological changes in the pest.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • induced resistance
  • jasmonic acid
  • oviposition preference
  • salicylic acid
  • survivorship and development time

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
دی 1399
صفحه 221-233

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 فروردین 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 مرداد 1399

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