c3518cb17d976b8

بهبود تعلیق‌پذیری، ماندگاری و زهرآگینی فرآورده‌های تجاری باکتری Bacillus thuringiensis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثر برخی مواد افزودنی در بهبود ماندگاری و تعلیق‌پذیری فرمولاسیون پودر وتابل باکتری Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) تهیه شده در آزمایشگاه و فرآورده‌های تجاری (A و B) بود. برای تهیه پودر وتابل بهینه از پودر خشک شده سوسپانسیون باکتری به همراه ساکارز، لاکتوز، آلجینات سدیم، فیبر نارگیل، سیلیکات آلومینیوم، در دو تیمار استفاده شد، که مبنای تفاوت دو تیمار سیلیکات آلومینیوم (فرمولاسیون بهینه شده 1) و فیبر نارگیل (فرمولاسیون بهینه شده2) قرار گرفت. حشره‌کشی پودر وتابل بهینه، روی لاروهای شب‌پره پشت الماسی، Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep.: Plutellidae) مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از بررسی مقایسه‌ای ماندگاری، نشان‌دهنده تأثیر مثبت این مواد در حفظ انبارداری فرمولاسیون بود. میزان تعلیق‌پذیری فرمولاسیون تهیه شده، 70 درصد ثبت شد که در مقایسه با تعلیق-پذیری فرمولاسیون‌های تجاری A و B موجود در بازار، بطور معنی‌داری بالاتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن ساکارز در هر دو فرآورده موجب افزایش زهرآگینی (کاهش مقادیر (LC50 شد در حالی که فاکتور تعلیق-پذیری، بسته به نوع و ماهیت فرآورده متفاوت عمل کرد. در نهایت افزودن مواد همراه انتخابی ارزان قیمت و در دسترس، موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و زیستی فرمولاسیون‌های باکتری Bt شد که این امر در توسعه استفاده از این آفت‌کش‌ میکروبی تأثیر بسزایی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing suspensibility, stability and virulence of commercial products of Bacillus thuringiensis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Ashjaei
  • Reza Talaei-Hassanloui
  • Ayda Khorramnejad
  • Khalil Talebi Jahromi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of some additives on stability and suspensibility of wettable powder (WP) formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in laboratory products (optimized formulation) and commercial formulations. For preparation of optimized formulation; sucrose, lactose, sodium alginate, coconut fiber and aluminum silicate were added to the dried powder of bacterial product in two different treatments; which were different in aluminum silicate (optimized formulation 1) and coconut fiber (optimized formulation 2). The efficacy and toxicity of wettable powders were tested on diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep.: Plutellidae) larvae. The results of various tests for stability showed that the additives had positive effects on the storage life of the optimized formulation. The suspensibility of the optimized formulations (70%) was significantly higher than those of the commercial formulations. Our results showed that adding sucrose in both commercial products caused an increase in toxicity (lower LC50s), whereas, the suspensibility parameter varied depending on the type and feature of the products. In conclusion, selecting low-cost and available additives would improve the physical and biological characteristics of Bt formulations, which has a significant effect on the development and application of biopesticides.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • wettable powder
  • optimization
  • sucrose
  • formulation
  • Plutella xylostella

مراجع

  1. Bradford, M.M. (1976). Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Analytical Biochemistry, 72 (1–2): 248–254, doi:1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3.
  2. Bryant, J .(1994). Commercial production and formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ,49(1): 31-35.
  3. Brar, SK., Verma, M., Tyagi, R., Valéro, J. (2006 a). Recent advances in downstream processing and formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis based biopesticides. Process Biochemistry ,41(2): 323-342.
  4. Brar, SK., Verma, M.,   Tyagi, R., Valéro J., Surampalli, RY .(2005). Starch Industry Wastewater-Based Stable Bacillus thuringiensis Liquid Formulation. Journal of Economic Entomology ,98(6):1890-1898.
  5. Brar, SK., Verma, M., Tyagi, R., Valéro, J., Surampalli, RY. (2006 b). Screening of Different Adjuvants for Wastewater/Wastewater Sludge-Based Bacillus thuringiensis Journal of Economic Entomology ,99(4):1065-1079.
  6. Burges, HD., Jones, KA. (1998) Formulation of bacteria, viruses and protozoa to control insects, In Burges HD (Ed.), Formulation of microbial biopesticides: beneficial organisms, nematodes & seed treatments.(pp.34-109). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.
  7. Corrêa, EB., Sutton, JC., Bettiol, W. (2015). Formulation of Pseudomonas chlororaphis strains for improved shelf life. Biological Control, 80 :50–55.
  8. Couch, TL., Jurat-Fuentes, JL. (2013). Commercial Production of Entomopathogenic Bacteria, In: Morales-Ramos, JA,. Rojas, MG.and Shapiro-Ilan, DI (Ed.), Mass production of beneficial organisms: invertebrates and entomopathogens. 1st Edition.(pp.415-436). Academic Press, United States of America.
  9. El‐Hassan, S., Gowen, S. (2006). Formulation and delivery of the bacterial antagonist Bacillus subtilis for management of lentil vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum sp. lentis. Journal of Phytopathology, 154(3): 148-155.
  10. Glare, TR., Ocallaghan, M. (2000) Bacillus thuringiensis : biology, ecology and safety. New York: Wiley.
  11. Goerge, Z., Crickmore, N. (2012). Bacillus thuringiensis Application in Agriculture, In: Sansinenea (Ed.), Bacillus thuringiensis(pp.19-39). Springer, Netherlands.
  12. Jallouli, W., Sellami, S., Sellami, M., Tounsi, S. (2014). Efficacy of olive mill wastewater for protecting Bacillus thuringiensis formulation from UV radiations. Acta Tropica, 140: 19–25.
  13. Jayaraj, J., Kannan,R., Sakthivel, K., Suganya, D., Venkatesan, S., Velazhahan, R. (2005). Development of new formulations of Bacillus subtilis for management of tomato damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 15(1): 55-65.
  14. Khaliq, MSAA., Haque, M .(2007). Scope of commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner as an alternative to methyl bromide against Trogoderma granarium Everts larvae. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(3): 871-880.
  15. Khoramnezhad, A., Talaei-Hassanloui, R., Ghassemi-Kahrizeh, A. (2015). Evaluating the virulence of Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from host and different habitats on diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lep.: Plutellidae). Biological Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 4(2): 168-172. (In Farsi)
  16. Khorramvatan, S., Marzban, R., Ardjmand, M., Seifkordi, A., Askary, H. (2014) .Preparation of concentrated suspension of microencapsulated formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis. Biocontrol in Plant Protection ,2 (1):81-89. In Farsi.
  17. Koul, O. (2011). Microbial biopesticides: opportunities and challenges. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 6(056): 1-26.
  18. Lacey, LA., Frutos, R., Kaya, HK., Vail, P. (2001). Insect pathogens as biological control agents: do they have a future?. Biological Control, 21(3): 230-248.
  19. Morris, ON., Convers, V., Kanagratnam, P. (1995). Chemical additive effects on the efficacy of B.t. var. kurstaki against Mamestria configurata. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(4): 815-824.
  20. Palma, L .(2017). Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides, are they as effective as they should be?. Revista Argentina de microbiologia, 49(1): 119.
  21. Rosas-García, NM., Villegas-Mendoza, JM.,Torres-Ortega JA. (2009). Design of a Bacillus thuringiensis-based formulation that increases feeding preference on Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae. Journal of Economic Entomology, 102(1): 58-63.
  22. Salehi Jouzani, GH., Moaven, E., Morsali, H. (2014). Optimization of a wettable powder formulation for two native Bacillus thuringiensis Biological Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 3(1): 7-15. (In Farsi)
  23. Singh, A., Boora, SK., Chaudhary, K .(2007). Effect of different additives on the persistence and insecticidal activity of native strains of Bacillus Indian Journal of Microbiology, 47(1): 42–45.
  24. Sneh, B., Schuster, S., Gross, S. (1983). Improvement of the insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis entomocidus on larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) by addition of chitinolytic bacteria, a phagostimulant and a UV‐protectant. Journal of Applied Entomology, 96(1-5): 77-83.
  25. Sun, S., Cheng, Z., Fan, J., Cheng, X., Pang, Y. (2012). The utility of camptothecin as a synergist of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki and nucleopolyhedroviruses against Trichoplusia ni and Spodoptera exigua. Journal of Economic Entomology, 05(4): 1164-1170.
  26. Talekar, N., Shelton, A. (1993). Biology, ecology, and management of the diamondback moth. Annual Review of Entomology, 38: 275-301.
  27. Teera-Arunsiri, A., Suphantharika, M., Ketunuti, U. (2003). Preparation of spray-dried wettable powder formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides. Journal of Economic Entomology, 96(2): 292-299.
  28. Zouari, N., Achour O., Jaoua S. (2002). Production of delta‐endotoxin by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp kurstaki and overcoming of catabolite repression by using highly concentrated gruel and fish meal media in 2‐ and 20‐dm3 fermenters. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 77(8): 877-882.
  29. Zhang, L.,  Zhang, X.,  Zhang, Y.,  Wu, S.,  Gelbic, I., Xu, L.,  Guan, X. (2016). new formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis: UV protection and sustained release mosquito larvae studies. Scientific Reports, 6: 39425.
دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 81-89

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 مرداد 1399

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار