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تأثیر پارامترهای هواشناسی بر سن گندم (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) در منطقه خرمدره زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کویرشناسی/دانشگاه سمنان

2 دانشگاه سمنان

3 گروه بیابان زدایی، دانشکده کویر شناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

4 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

گندم به عنوان مهم‌ترین محصول زراعی، دارای آفات بسیاری است که سن معمولی گندم یکی از آفات مهم گندم به شمار می‌رود. در این پژوهش، رابطه بین پارامترهای هواشناسی مانند دمای هوا ، بارش، باد و ... با پارامترها‌ی آفت سن گندم در شهرستان خرم‌دره زنجان در طول سالهای زراعی 91-1390 تا 97-1396 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. نتایج حاصله نشان داد که تاریخ آغاز ریزش آفت سن گندم همبستگی معنی داری در سطح 99درصد با شرایط دمایی پیش از ریزش آفت به ویژه در فصل زمستان، میزان جمعیت، تراکم سن مادر و پوره‌ها، همچنین اوج ریزش و زمان تخم‌ریزی دارد. لذا با افزایش دما شرایط برای تغذیه و تخم‌ریزی زودهنگام آفت مهیا گردیده و پوره های نسل جدید خسارات خود را به محصول وارد میکنند. در سال‌هایی که میزان دما در اواخر فصل زمستان و اوایل فصل بهار بالا بوده و تعداد روزهای یخبندان سالانه و تعداد روزها‌ی با یخبندان‌های شدید در فصل زمستان سال قبل کمتر باشد آفت به شدت طغیان می‌کند. وجود رابطه‌ی معنی دار بین تراکم آفت سن گندم با ویژگی‌های دما، بارش و سرعت باد و یخبندان در منطقه مورد مطالعه مشاهده شده است. همچنین بیشترین تأثیرپذیری آفت سن گندم از ویژگی های دمای فصل زمستان می‌باشد به طوری که با افزایش و کاهش دمای فصل زمستان ، فعالیت سن گندم کاهش یا افزایش می‌یابد و میزان طغیان یا خاموشی آن برای سال زراعی پیش رو مشخص می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of meteorological parameters on the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Put. in Khorramdareh region of Zanjan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sima Asgari 1
  • Mohammad Rahimi 2
  • Mohammadreza Yazdani 3
  • Mohammad vali Taghaddosi 4
1 Department of Combat Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies.,University of Semnan
2 Department of Combat Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies.,University of Semnan
3 Department of Combat Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies,University of Semnan
4 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

Wheat as the most important crop has invaded by many pests. The sunn pest is one of the most important pests of wheat. In this study, the relationship between meteorological parameters including temperature, precipitation, wind, etc with the sunn pest have been invistaged in Khorramdareh (Zanjan province of Iran) during the growing seasons of 2012-2013 to 2018-2019 years. The results showed that there was a highly significant correlation between the date of onset of slaughter of sunn pest with temperature of pre-emergence period especially in winter, population density, maternal age, nymphs, as well as peak height and spawning time. The sunn pest outbreaks are more likely occurs with increasing temperature, therefore conditions are provided for feeding and early oviposition of the pest, in years with higher temperature in the late winter and early spring and lower number of annual frosty days and extreme frost in winter. The results of this research indicated that there was a significant relationship between the pest density and temperature, precipitation, and wind velocity. The most impacted parameters on the sunn pest is the winter temperature, so that by increasing and decreasing the amount of this meteorological parameter sunn pest increases or decreases and its outbreak or blackout occurs accordingly in the upcoming year.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sunn pest
  • Meteorological Parameters
  • Khoramdarah Zanjan
  • Pest outbreak
  • Wheat crop

مراجع

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 91-103

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 آبان 1399

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