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ارزیابی مزرعه‌ای مقاومت تدریجی (Slow rusting) نسبت به بیماری زنگ زرد در برخی از ارقام گندم دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ایستگاه تحقیقات اردبیل

2 2- بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

زنگ زرد گندم با عامل Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici یکی از مهمترین بیماری‌های گندم می‌باشدکه تولید گندم را در مناطق خنک تهدید می‌کند. در این مطالعه، پارامترهای مقاومت تدریجی (Slow rusting) شامل ضریب آلودگی (CI)، شدت نهائی بیماری (FRS)، مقدار نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (rAUDPC) و نرخ آلودگی ظاهری (r) برای 21 ژنوتیپ گندم دیم همراه با شاهد حساس ارزیابی شدند. این مطالعه در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی آلاروق اردبیل تحت شرایط آلودگی طبیعی و مصنوعی انجام شد. آلودگی مصنوعی ژنوتیپ‌ها با استفاده از جمعیت نژادی زنگ زرد که دارای پرآزاری بر روی ژن‌های مقاومت مهم بود، انجام شد. واکنش گیاهچه‌ای نیز تحت شرایط مزرعه‌ای ارزیابی شد. نتایج ارزیابی‌ها برای پارامترهای مقاومت نشان داد که ارقام سرداری، اوحدی، هما همراه با رقم حساس بالاترین مقادیر FRS ، CI، r و rAUDPC را داشتند، و بنابراین به عنوان ارقام حساس گروه‌بندی شدند. شش رقم در هر دو مرحله گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه کامل مقاوم یا نیمه مقاوم بودند. دو رقم در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای مقاوم یا نیمه‌مقاوم و در مرحله گیاه کامل واکنش متوسط (MR, M) نشان دادند. نه رقم (شماره های 6، 9، 10، 12، 14، 15، 19، 20 و 21) در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای حساس ولی در مرحله گیاه کامل واکنش متوسط (MR, M, MS) نشان دادند. بنابراین، این ارقام با داشتن مقادیر پایین پارامترهای مختلف مقاومت به احتمال زیاد دارای درجات متفاوتی(سطح مطلوب تا متوسط) از مقاومت تدریجی یا HTAP (مقاومت غیر اختصاص- نژادی یا پایدار) می‌باشند. بقیه ارقام سطح پایینی از مقاومت تدریجی داشتند. ت

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field-based assessment of slow rusting resistance against yellow rust in some commercial dryland wheat cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • safar ali safavi 1
  • Mozaffar Roustaei 2
1
2 Department of Cereal Research, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is an important disease that threatens wheat production in cool environments. Slow rusting parameters including final rust severity (FRS), apparent infection rate (r), relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC), and coefficient of infection (CI) were evaluated in a set of twenty-one dryland wheat genotypes along with susceptible control in 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. This study was conducted in field plots at Ardabil and Agricultural Research Stations under natural and artificial infection conditions. Artificial inoculation was carried out by yellow rust inoculum having virulent genes against importance resistance genes. Seedling reaction was also evaluated under field conditions. Results of evaluations for resistance parameters showed that cultivars Sardari, Ohadi, Homa along with susceptible check had the highest values of FRS, CI, r and rAUDPC, therefore were mined as susceptible cultivars. Six cultivars were resistant or moderately resistant at both seedling and adult plant stages, two cultivars showed resistant or moderately resistant reactions at seedling, but moderate or moderately susceptible reactions at adult plant stage. Nine cultivars (entries; 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 19, 20 and 21) were susceptible at the seedling and had moderate (MR, M or MS) reactions at adult plant stages. Accordingly, these cultivars with low level of different parameters supposed to be having gene/s for varying degrees (good or moderate level) of slow rusting resistance or high temperature adult plant (HTAP) resistance. The remaining cultivars/lines had low level slow rusting resistance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dryland wheat
  • Slow rusting resistance
  • Seedling resistance
  • Yellow rust
  • Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 121-134

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 فروردین 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 مهر 1399

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