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بررسی آنزیمی حساسیت جمعیت‌های مختلف شته جالیز Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) نسبت به دو حشره‌کش اسپیروتترامات و فلونیکامید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

شته جالیز Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) یکی از مهم‌ترین آفات خیار است که مقاومت آن در برابر حشره کش‌ها باعث ایجاد مشکلات بسیاری در کنترل آن شده است. در این مطالعه ، حساسیت آفت به حشره کش‌های اسپیروتترامات و فلونیکامید برای دو جمعیت جمع آوری شده از کرج (استان البرز) و بیرجند (استان خراسان جنوبی)، ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمون‌های زیست سنجی به روش غوطه وری دیسک برگ انجام شد. مرگ و میر پس از 72 ساعت ثبت شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها توسط نرم افزار Polo-Plus انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در جمعیت کرج و بیرجند، مقدار غلظت کشنده 50درصد برای اسپیروتترامات به ترتیب 81/52 و 35/33 میلی گرم ماده موثره بر لیتر و برای فلونیکامید نیز به ترتیب 78/6 و 7/3 میلی گرم ماده موثره بر لیتر بود. مقادیر نسبت LC50 برای اسپیروتترامات و فلونیکامید برای این جمعیت‌ها به ترتیب 633/1 و 829/1بود که بطور معنی داری متفاوت بودند. همچنین نتایج آزمایشات بیوشیمیایی مقاومت بالاتری را در جمعیت کرج نشان داد. آنزیم‌های مختلف درگیر در مقاومت شامل کربوکسیل استراز (ارزیابی شده توسط آلفا نفتیل استات و بتا نفتیل استات)، گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز و مونواکسیژناز است. نسبت فعالیت آنزیم‌های فوق الذکر در جمعیت کرج به ترتیب 39/1 ، 29/1 ، 51/1 و 06/1 برابر بیشتر از جمعیت بیرجند بود. نتایج آنزیمی موازی با نتایج بدست آمده از آزمون‌های زیست سنجی بود. بنابراین، به نظر می‌رسد که هر سه سیستم آنزیمی در سم زدایی ترکیبات آزمایش شده نقش دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Enzymatic susceptibility evaluation of different populations of melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to two insecticides: spirotetramat and flonicamid

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Mohammad Nejad Havestin 1
  • Qodratollah Sabahi 2
1 Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran,
2 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of cucumber and its resistance to insecticides has caused many problems in controlling measures. Collecting fundamental data by using bioassay and biochemical tests is essential for pest resistance management. In this study, the susceptibility of the pest to the insecticides; spirotetramat and flonicamid was investigated for two populations collected from Karaj (Alborz Province) and Birjand (South Khorasan Province), Iran. Bioassay tests were conducted by leaf disk immersion method. Mortality was recorded after 72 hours. The data analysis was performed by Polo-Plus software. Results showed that in Karaj and Birjand populations, the LC50 values for spirotetramat were 52.81 and 33.35 mg. a.i /L, respectively, and for flonicamid were 6.78 and 3.7 mg. a.i/L, respectively. The LC50 Ratio values for spirotetramat and flonicamid were 1.633 and 1.829 for those populations, respectively which were significantly different. Also results of biochemical tests showed higher resistance in Karaj population. Different enzymes involved in resistance include carboxyl esterase (evaluated by α-naphthyl acetate and ß-naphthyl acetate substrate), glutathione S-transferase and monooxygenase. The activity ratios of above-mentioned enzymes in Karaj population were 1.39، 1.29، 1.51 and 1.06 times higher than those in Birjand population, respectively. The enzymatic results were parallel with the results obtained from the bioassay tests. Therefore, it seems that all three enzymatic systems are involved in detoxifying of the tested compounds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Melon aphid
  • Resistance
  • Detoxifying enzymes
  • Metabolic detoxification

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 135-147

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 آذر 1399

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