واکنش گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه کامل تعدادی از لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم نسبت به بیماری زنگ زرد

صفوی, صفرعلی; افشاری, فرزاد

doi:10.22059/ijpps.2014.53500

واکنش گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه کامل تعدادی از لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم نسبت به بیماری زنگ زرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل

² دانشیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات غلات، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیۀ نهال و بذر

10.22059/ijpps.2014.53500

چکیده

زنگ زرد گندم با عاملPuccinia striiformis f. sp. triticiبیماری مهمی است که تولید گندم در سراسر جهان را تهدید می‌کند. مقاومت میزبانی، اقتصادی‌ترین روش مدیریت زنگ زرد است. برای این منظور 18 لاین امیدبخش گندم مربوط به اقلیم معتدل همراه با شاهد حساس برای بررسی مقاومت مرحلۀ گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه کامل نسبت به زنگ زرد ارزیابی شد. واکنش گیاهچه‌ای در شرایط گلخانه‌ای با استفاده از نژاد 6E150A+,Yr27ارزیابی شد. واکنش گیاه کامل نیز با اندازه‌گیری شدت نهایی بیماری (FRS) و ضریب آلودگی (CI) تحت شرایط آلودگی طبیعی با دوبار آلودگی مصنوعی ارزیابی گردید. آلودگی مصنوعی با مایه‌زنی اینوکلوم زنگ زرد که دارای ویرولانس بر روی ژن‌هایYr2، Yr6،Yr7،Yr9، Yr22، Yr23، Yr24، Yr25،Yr26، Yr27، YrAو YrSU بود، انجام گرفت. آزمایش مزرعه‌ای بر پایۀ طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل طی سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام گرفت. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که لاین‌های M-90-15و M-90-18 همراه با شاهد حساس بیشترین مقدار FRS و CI را داشتند. لاین‌های M-90-2،M-90-4 ،M-90-5 ،M-90-7 ، M-90-8، M-90-13 وM-90-17 در مرحلۀ گیاهچه‌ای حساس و در مرحلۀ گیاه کامل مقادیر پایین FRS و CI را نشان دادند. بنابراین، این لاین‌ها بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق و اطلاعات شجره‌ای آنها درجات متفاوتی از مقاومت پایدار دارند. بقیۀ لاین‌ها که در مرحلۀ گیاه کامل و گیاهچه‌ای مقادیر پایین آلودگی را نشان دادند، به عنوان لاین‌های نیمه‌مقاوم یا مقاوم انتخاب شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seedling and adult plant reaction of some promising wheat lines to yellow rust

نویسندگان [English]

Safarali Safavi ¹
Farzad Afshari ²

¹ Assitant Prof. of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ardabil

² Associate Prof. of Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute

چکیده [English]

Yellow (stripe) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is an important disease that threatens wheat production worldwide. Host resistance is the most economical strategy to manage wheat stripe rust. For this purpose, 18 promising wheat lines of moderate zone were evaluated against yellow rust in Ardabil in order to determine their resistance level. The seedling reaction was evaluated in greenhouse by using race 6E150A+, Yr27. Adult plant resistance was also evaluated by measuring of final rust severity (FRS) and coefficient of infection (CI) under field infection conditions with two times artificial inoculations. Artificial inoculation was carried out using yellow rust race population virulent resistance genes including Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr9, Yr22, Yr23, Yr24, Yr25, Yr26, Yr27, YrA, and YrSU. Field evaluation was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2011-2012 cropping season at Ardabil Agricultural Research Station (Iran). Results showed that lines M-90-13, M-90-15, M-90-18 along with susceptible check (Bolani) had the highest values of FRS and CI. The lines M-90-2, M-90-4, M-90-5, M-90-7, M-90-8, M-90-13 and M-90-17 were susceptible at the seedling stage and had low level infection at the adult plant stage. Consequently, these lines had different levels of durable resistance based on the results of this investigation and their pedigree information. The remaining lines that had low level of infection at the seedling and adult plant stages were selected as moderately resistant or resistant lines.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Wheat
yellow rust
seedling resistance
Adult plant resistance
Durable resistance

مراجع

Afzal, S. N., Haque, M. I., Ahmedani, M. S., Bashir, S. & Rattu, A. R.( 2007). Assessment of yield losses caused by Puccinia striiformis triggering stripe rust in the most common wheat varieties. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39, 2127-2134.

2. Ali, S., Shah, S. J. A. & Ibrahim, M. (2007). Assessment of wheat breeding lines for slow yellow rusting (Puccinia striiformis West. tritici). Pakistan Journal of Bilological Sciences, 10, 3440-3444.

Ali, S., Shah, S. J. A. & Rahman, H. (2009a). Multi-location variability in Pakistan for partial resistance in wheat to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Phytopathologia Mediterrania, 48, 269-278.

Ali, S., Shah, S. J. A., Khalil, I. H., Rahman, H., Maqbool, K. & Ullah, W. (2009b). Partial resistance to yellow rust in introduced winter wheat germplasm at the north of Pakistan. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 3, 37-43.

Badebo, A., Stubbs, R.W., Van Ginkel, M. & Gebeyehu, G. (1990). Identification of resistance genes to Puccinia striiformis in seedlings of Ethiopian and CIMMYT bread wheat varieties and lines. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 96, 199-210.

Bariana, H. S. & McIntosh, R. A. (1995). Genetics of adult plant resistance in four Australian and the French cultivar Hybrid de Bersee. Plant Breeding, 114, 485-491.

Ben Yehuda, P., Eilam, T., Manisterski, J., Shimoni, A. & Akster, Y. (2004). Leaf rust on Aegilops speltoides caused by a new forma specialis of Puccinia triticina. Phytopathology, 94, 94-101.

Boyd, L. A. (2005). Centenary review: can Robigus defeat an old enemy? -yellow rust of wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science, 143, 233-243.

Braun, H. I. & Saari, E. E. (1992). An assessment of the potential of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici to cause yield losses in wheat on the Anatolian plateau of Turkey. In: Proceeding of the 8th European and Mediterranean Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference, 8-10 Sep., Wheihenstephen, Germany, pp.121-123.

Brennan, J. P., & Murray, G. M. (1988). Australian wheat diseases: Assessing their economic importance. Agricultural Science New Series, 1, 26-35.

Broers, L. H. M., Cuesta-Subias, X. & Lopez-Atilano, R. M. (1996) Field assessment of quantitative resistance to yellow rust in ten spring bread wheat cultivars. Euphytica, 90, 9-16.

Chen, X. M. (2005). Epidemiology and control of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) on wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 27, 314-337.

de Vallavieille-Pope, C., Ali, S., Leconte, M., Enjalbert, J., Delos, M. & Rouzet, J. (2012). Virulence dynamics and regional structuring of Puccinia striformis f. sp. tritici in France between 1984 and 2009. Plant Disease, 96, 131-140.

Dehghani, H. & Moghaddam, M. (2004). Genetic analysis of latent period of stripe rust in wheat seedlings. Journal of Phytopathology, 122, 325-330.

El-Naimi, M., Yahyaoui, A., Ketata, H., Abdalah, O., Nachit, M. & Hakim, S. (2001). Screening for yellow rust resistance in bread and durum wheat. In: Proceeding of the First Regional Yellow Rust Conference for Central & West Asia and North Africa. 8-14 May, Karaj, Iran, p. 33.

Flor, H. H. (1956). The complementary genetic systems in flax and flax rust. Advanced Genetics, 8, 29-54.

Herrera-Fossel, S. A., Singh, R. P., Huerta-Espino, J., Crossa, J., Djurle, A. & Yuen, J. (2007). Evaluation of slow rusting resistance components to leaf rust in CIMMYT durum wheats. Euphytica, 155, 361-369.

Hovmoller, M. S. (2001). Disease severity and pathothype dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Denmark. Plant Pathology, 50, 181-189.

Jin, Y., Szabo, L. J. & Carson, M. (2010). Century-old mystery of Puccinia striiformis life history solved with the identification of Berberis as an alternate host. Phytopathology, 100, 432-435.

20. Jin, Y. (2011). Role of Berberis spp. as alternate hosts in generating new races of Puccinia graminis and P. striiformis.Euphytica, 179, 105-108.

Johnson, R. (1988). Durable resistance to yellow (stripe) rust in wheat and its implications in plant breeding. In: Simmonds N., W. & Rajaram, S. (eds.). Breeding strategies for resistance to the rusts of wheat, CIMMYT, Mexico, D. F. pp. 63-75.

Kilpatrick, R. A. (1975). New cultivars and longevity of rust resistance, 1971-1975. U.S Agricultural Research Service, ARS-NE 64, 20 pp.

Line, R. F. (2002). Stripe rust of wheat and barley in North America: A retrospective historical review. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40, 75-118.

Line, R. F. & Chen, X. M. (1995). Success in breeding for and managing durable resistance to wheat rusts. Plant Disease, 79, 1254-1255.

Mamluk, O. F., & EL-Naimi, M. (1992). Occurrence and virulence of wheat yellow rust in Syria. In: Proceedings of the 8th European and Mediterranean Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference. 8-10 Sep., Wheihenstephen, Germany, pp.115-117

Mamluk, O. F., Haware, M. P., Makouk, K. M. & Hanounil. S. B. (1989). Occurrence, losses and control of important cereal and legume diseases in West and North Africa. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International symposium Tropical Agriculture Research, 25-27 Aug., Kyoto, Japan. pp. 131-140.

McIntosh, R. A., Wellings, C. R., & Park, R. F. (1995). Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes. CSIRO, Australia, 200 pp.

Line, R. & Qayoum, A. (1992). Virulence, aggressiveness, evolution, and distribution of races of Puccinia striiformis (the cause of stripe rust of wheat) in North America, 1968-87. USDA-ARS Technical Bulletin, 1788, 44 pp.

Milus, E. A. & Line, R. F. (1986). Gene action for inheritance of durable, high– temperature, adult plant resistances to stripe rust in wheat. Phytopathology, 76, 435-441.

Morgounov, A., Yessimbekova, M., Rsaliev, S., Baboev, S., Mumindjanov, H. & Djunusova, M. (2004). High-yielding winter wheat varieties resistant to yellow and leaf rust in Central and Asia. In: Proceeding of the 11^th International Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildew Conference, 22-27 Aug., Wageningen, Netherlands, p. 52.

Nazari, K., Torabi, M., Dehghan, M. A., Aghnom, R., Ahmadian-Moghaddam, M. S. & Fallah, H. (2000a). Pathogenicity of Puccinia striiformis, and reactions of improved cultivars and advanced lines of wheat to yellow rust in northern provinces of Iran. Seed and Plant, 16, 393-424. (In Farsi).

Nazari, K., Torabi, M., Hassanpour-Hosnei, M., Kashani, A., Hoshyar, R. & Ahmadian-Moghaddam, M. S. (2000b). Evaluation of resistance to yellow rust in advanced wheat lines suitable for dryland areas at seedling and adult-plant stages. Seed and Plant, 16, 252-262. (In Farsi).

Parlevliet, J. E. (1979). Components of resistance that reduce the rate of epidemic development. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 17, 203-222.

Pathan, A. K. & Park, R. F. (2006). Evaluation of seedling and adult plant resistance to leaf rust in European wheat cultivars. Euphytica, 149, 327-342.

Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A. B. & Hannah, A. E. (1948). A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity of leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian Journal of Research, 26, 496-500.

Randhawa, H., Puchalski, B. J., Frick, M., Goyal, A., Despins, T., Graf, R. J., Laroche, A. & Gaudet, D. A. (2012). Stripe rust resistance among western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 92, 713-722.

Roelfs, A. P., Singh, R. P. & Saari, E. E. (1992). Rust diseases of wheat: concepts and methods of diseases Management. CIMMYT, Mexico, D. F. 81 pp.

Safavi, S. A., Afshari, F. & Yazdansepas, A. (2013). Effective and ineffective resistance genes to wheat yellow rust during six years monitoring in Ardabil. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 46, 774-780.

Safavi, S. A. & Afshari, F. (2012). Identification of resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in some elite wheat lines. Journal of Crop Protection, 1, 293-302.

Safavi, S. A., Ahari, A. B., Afshari, F. & Arzanlou, M. (2010). Slow Rusting Resistance in 19 promising wheat lines to yellow rust in Ardabil, Iran. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 13, 240-244.

Saidi, A., Nazari, K. &Torabi, M. (1998). Seedling resistance to yellow rust in current Iranian bread wheat In: Proceedings of the 9th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, pp. 308-310.

Sandoval-Islas, J. S., Broers, L. H. M., Mora-Aguilera, G., Parlevliet, J. E., Osada, K. S. & Vivar, H. E. (2007). Quatitative resistance and its components in 16 barley cultivars to yellow rust, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei. Euphytica, 153, 295-308.

Schultz, T. R. & Line. R. F. (1992). High – temperature, adult plant resistances to wheat stripe rust and effects on yield components. Agronomy Journal, 84, 170-175.

Shah, S. J. A., Muhmmad, M. & Hussain, S. (2010). Phenotypic and molecular characterization of wheat for slow rusting resistance against Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici. Journal of Phytopathology, 158, 393-402.

Sharma-Poudyal, D., Chen, X. M., Wan, A. M., Zhan, G. M., Kang, Z. S., Cao, S. Q., Jin, S. L., Morgounov, A., Akin, B., Mert, Z., Shah, S. J. A., Bux, H., Ashraf, M., Sharma, R. C., Madariaga, R., Puri, K. D., Wellings, C., Xi K. Q., Wanyera, R., Manninger, K., Ganzález, M. I., Koyda, M., Sanin, S. & Patzek, L. J. (2013). Virulence characterization of international collections of the wheat stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Plant Disease, 97, 379-386.

Singh, R. P. (1992). Association between gene Lr34 for leaf rust resistance and leaf tip necrosis in wheat. Crop Science, 32, 874-878.

Singh, R. P., Huerta-Espino, J., Bhavani, S., Herrera-Foessel S. A., Singh D., Singh, P. K., Velu, G., Mason, R. E., Jin, Y., Njau, P. & Crossa, J. (2011). Race non-specific resistance to rust diseases in CIMMYT spring wheats. Euphytica, 179, 175–186.

Singh, R. P., Burnett, P. A., Albarran, M. & Rajaram S. (1993). Bdv1: a gene for tolerance to barley dwarf virus in bread wheat. Crop Science, 33, 231-234.

Singh, R. P., Huerta-Espino, J. & William, H. M. (2005). Genetics and breeding for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29, 121-127.

Singh, R. P., William, H. M., Huerta-Espino, J. & Crosby, M. (2003). Identification and mapping of gene Yr31 for resistance to stripe rust in Triticum aestivum cultivar pastor. In: Proceedings of the 10th International wheat genetics symposium. Instituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Rome, Italy, pp. 411–413.

Stubbs, R. W., Prescott, J. M., Saari, E. E. & Dubin, H. J. (1986). Cereal Disease Methodology Manual. CIMMYT, Mexico, D. F. 46 pp.

Torabi, M., Madoukhi, V., Nazari, K., Afshari, F., Forootan, A. R., Ramai, M. A., Golzar, H. & Kashani, A. S. (1995). Effectiveness of wheat yellow rust resistance genes in different parts of Iran. Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Bulletin, 23, 9-12.

Wan, A. M. & Chen, X. M. (2012). Virulence, frequency, and distribution of races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei identified in the United States in 2008 and 2009. Plant Disease, 96, 67-74.