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جمع‌آوری، شناسایی و انتخاب سوش بومی زنبورهای انگل‌وارۀTrichogramma به منظور کنترل بیولوژیک کرم سیب،Cydia pomonella در منطقۀ دماوند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران

2 محقق مؤسسۀ تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران

چکیده

به منظور انتخاب گونۀ مناسبی از زنبورهای تریکوگراما برای کنترل بیولوژیک کرم سیب، تعدادی از گونه‌های زنبورهایTrichogrammaضمن نمونه‏برداری مستقیم از تخم‌های کرم سیب و دیگر بال‌پولک‌داران فعال در باغ‌های سیب و استفاده از تله‌های تخم، از باغ‌های تحت مطالعه در شمال شرق استان تهران جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. آزمایش‌هایی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در راستای ارزیابی و مقایسۀ میزان باروری و طول عمر زنبورها در سه دمای 22، 24 و 26 درجۀ سلسیوس با استفاده از تخم بید غلات به عنوان میزبان واسط انجام گرفت. علاوه بر این، میزان پذیرش تخم‌های کرم سیب توسط گونه‌های تحت بررسی بعد از پنج نسل پرورش روی میزبان واسط آزمایشگاهی، از نظر آماری ارزیابی شد. سه گونه زنبور انگل‌وارۀ تخم با نام‌های Trichogramma brassicae، T. pintoi و T. embryophagum از باغ‌های دماوند و رودهن جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. بر اساس نتایج، باروری زنبورهای تحت بررسی در دماهای 24 و 26 درجۀ سلسیوس از نظر آماری بیشتر از دمای 22 درجۀ سلسیوس بود. بیشترین مقدار باروری زنبورهای T. pintoiو T. embryophagumبه‌ترتیب 93/30 و 46/26 تخم به ازای ماده در طول بازۀ زمانی تحت بررسی تعیین شد. در راستای ارزیابی میزان پذیرش تخم کرم سیب توسط کلنی‌های آزمایشگاهی زنبور، درصد پارازیتیسم تخم‌های کرم سیب توسط گونه‌های یادشده به‌ترتیب 70/17 و 64/73 درصد تعیین شد. با در نظر گرفتن همۀ نتایج، سوش بومی زنبور انگل‌واره T. embryophagum گزینۀ مناسبی برای توسعۀ برنامه‌های کنترل بیولوژیک کرم سیب در منطقۀ تحت مطالعه معرفی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Collecting, identifying and selecting a native strain of egg parasitoid wasps, Trichogramma for biological control of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella in Damavand region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Ranjbar Aghdam 1
  • Mohammadreza Attaran 2
1 Assistant Professor, Iraian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Researcher, Iraian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to select a suitable species of the trichogrammatid wasps for biological control of the codling moth, some of the trichogramatid wasps were collected and identified from the apple orchards located in north east of Tehran province by direct sampling on the codling moth eggs and using egg traps. Furthermore, laboratory experiments were carried out according to completely randomized design for evaluation of fecundity and longevity of the collected wasps at temperatures 22, 24, and 26°C by using the eggs of Sitotroga cerealla as factitous host. Moreover, host acceptance of the codling moth eggs by the wasps was examined statistically after five generation rearing on factitious host. Three species of the trichogrammatid wasps, Trichogramma brassicae, T. pintoi, and T. embryophagum, were collected and identified from the studied apple orchards located in Damavand and Rodehen region. According to the obtained results, fecundity of the evaluated wasps at temperatures 24 and 26°C were higher statistically than temperature 22°C. The highest values of the fecundity of T. pintoi and T. embryophagum were 30.96 and 26.46 eggs/female at studied time interval, respectively. In order to examine host acceptance level of the wasps, the percentage of the host eggs parasitism were determined as 73.64% and 17.70%, by T. embryophagum and T. pintoi, respectively. Considering all the obtained results, collected native strain of T. embryophagum was introduced as a suitable choice for extension of the biological control program aginst the codling moth in apple orchards located in study region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • codling moth
  • biological control
  • Ecotype
  • egg parasitoid
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