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اثر جفت‌گیری و پارازیتیسم قبلی بر واکنش تابعی Trissolcus djadetshkoe (Hym.: Scelionidae) پارازیتویید تخم سن گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در این بررسی اثر تجربۀ قبلی پارازیتیسم و آمیزش با نر در زنبور Trissolcus djadetshkoe Rjachowsky (Hym. Scelionidae) پارازیتویید تخم سن گندم در قالب واکنش تابعی بررسی شد. تراکم‌های 2، 4، 7، 14، 28 و 56 تخم میزبان در 20، 20، 15، 15، 10 و 10 تکرار به‌مدت 24 ساعت درون لوله‌های آزمایش 10 × 5/1 سانتی‌متر به تک ماده‌های با تجربه‌های مختلف ارائه شد. در دو آزمایش مختلف، ماده‌های تلقیح‌شده با ماده‌های باکره و ماده‌های با تجربۀ پارازیتیسم قبلی با ماده‌های بی‌تجربه مقایسه شدند. همۀ آزمایش‌ها در اتاقک رشدی با دمای C º1± 26، رطوبت نسبی 10± 50% و دورۀ نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی در شبانه‌روز انجام گرفت. واکنش همۀ پارازیتوییدها از نوع سوم بود. ماده‌های باتجربه در همۀ تراکم‌ها پارازیتیسم کمتری نشان دادند. بیشینۀ نرخ حملۀ برآورد‌شدۀ ماده‌های باتجربه 14 و ماده‌های بی‌تجربه 34 عدد بود. به نظر می‌رسد تلاش تولید مثلی قبلی ماده‌های گروه اول موجب تخلیۀ انرژی تولید مثلی بعدی آنها شده است. تفاوت ملایم‌تری بین ماده‌های باکره و بارور نیز دیده شد (25 در برابر 17). این تفاوت احتمالاً به هزینۀ کمتر تولید فرزندان نر در ماده‌های باکره بر می‌گردد. احتمالاً تغییر در انتخاب جنسیت برای ماده هزینه‌ساز است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mating and previous parasitism on functional response of Trissolcus djadetshkoe (Hym.: Scelionidae) an egg parasitoid of Eurygaster integriceps (Hem.: Scutelleridae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Abdi 1
  • Shahzad Iranipour 2
  • Mirjalil Hejazi 3
1 Former Graduate Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Trissolcus djadetshkoe Rjachowsky (Hym.: Scelionidae) is an egg parasitoid of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hem.: Scutelleridae) in Iran. Searching efficiency of this species was determined in a functional response context. Effect of female insemination as well as parasitism experience was also investigated. Host densities of 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 and 56 eggs were offered to a single female in 20, 20, 15, 15, 10 and 10 replications in a 24 h experiment in 1.5×10 cm vials. Virgin vs. inseminated females as well as inexperienced vs. experienced ones were used in two sets of experiments. All experiments were conducted in a growth chamber (26±1 ºC, 50±10% RH, 16: 8 h photoperiod). Logistic regression and nonlinear regression model of random search were used for analysis. All parasitoid responses were type III. Experienced females showed lower parasitism in all densities. Maximum attack rate estimates were 14 in experienced females vs. 34 in inexperienced ones. It seems that previous reproductive efforts have depleted energy of the females. A lighter difference was observed in virgin females over inseminated ones (25 vs. 17). This difference probably concerns with costs of sex allocation for inseminated mothers.    
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • experience of parasitism
  • effect of insemination
  • foraging behavior

مراجع

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 46، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
بهار و تابستان
فروردین 1394
صفحه 131-139

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 تیر 1394

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