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مقاومت آنتی‌زنوزی و آنتی‌بیوزی نه رقم زراعی گندم(Triticum aestivum) نسبت به سن گندم، Eurygaster integriceps (Hem.: Scutelleridae) در شرایط مزرعه در منطقۀ نقده استان آذربایجان غربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه آگرواکولوژی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد

2 استادیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و آگرواکولوژی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد

چکیده

سن گندم، Eurygaster integriceps Put. مهم‌ترین آفت گندم در ایران و کشورهای همسایه است که می‌تواند موجب کاهش شایان توجه عملکرد محصول شود. یکی از روش‌های کنترل آن استفاده از ارقام مقاوم است. به منظور مقایسۀ میزان مقاومت آنتی‌زنوزی و آنتی‌بیوزی 9 رقم زراعی گندم نسبت به این آفت، آزمایش‌هایی در شرایط مزرعه‌ای انجام گرفت. در یک سری «آزمون انتخاب میزبان» در مزرعه تعداد سن‌های مادر جلب‌شده به هر یک از بوته‌ها به عنوان شاخص آنتی‌زنور تعیین گردید. همچنین تعداد تخم آفت در مترمربع روی ارقام و تعداد بوته‌ها، جوانه‌ها و خوشه‌های آسیب‌دیده برای بررسی مکانیسم آنتی‌زنور به‌کار گرفته شد. برای بررسی مکانیسم آنتی‌بیوز، پوره‌های سن دوم آفت در روی بوته‌های کاشته‌شده در گلدان تحت پرورش قرار گرفت. وزن پوره‌ها در روز چهاردهم بعد از رهاسازی، میزان تلفات و طول دورۀ پورگی به عنوان شاخص‌های آنتی‌بیوز تجزیه و تحلیل شد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس داده‌ها دربارۀ همۀ صفات تحت بررسی، اختلاف میان ارقام آزمایش معنادار بود (05/0 P≤). با استفاده از تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش UPGMA و بر اساس فاصلۀ اقلیدسی، 9 رقم تحت بررسی در پنج گروه مجزا قرار گرفتند و ارقام الوند، سرداری و آذر 2 با قرار گرفتن در یک گروه، بیشترین مقاومت را نسبت به سن گندم داشتند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Antixenosis and antibiosis resistance of 9 wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) to the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps (Hem.: Scutelleridae) in the field conditions in Naghadeh region, west Azarbaijan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Rahimi 1
  • Akbar Ghassemi-Kahrizeh 2
  • Mahmoud Pouryousef Miandoab 3
1 Former Graduate Student, Department of Agro-ecology, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Agro-ecology, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Put. is the most important pest of the wheat in Iran and neighbouring countries that can considerably reduce its yield. One way to control this pest is deployment of resistant cultivars. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the antixenosis and antibiosis resistance of nine wheat cultivars to this pest. In a field choice test, the numbers of attracted overwintered adults to the cultivars were determined as antixenosis index. Also, number of eggs per m2 and numbers of damaged hills, buds and spikes were used as antixenosis indices. To evaluate the antibiosis, wheat seeds were planted in pots under the field conditions in which second instar nymphs were released and reared. Nymphal weight on the 14th day after releasing, mortality of nymphal stage and the duration of this stage were considered and analyzed as the antibiosis indices. Significant differences were observed in studied traits (P≤0.05). Using cluster analysis, UPGMA procedure based on Euclidean distance, nine experimental cultivars were grouped in five distance groups that cultivars Alvand, Sardari and Azar2 by replacing in the same group, had the highest resistance to the Sunn pest.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wheat
  • Sunn pest
  • Eurygaster integriceps
  • Antibiosis
  • antixenosis
  • resistance cultivars

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 46، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
بهار و تابستان
فروردین 1394
صفحه 151-160

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 تیر 1394

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