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بررسی تأثیر توأم نماتد ریشه گرهی و گل جالیز بر پارامترهای فلورسانس، محتوای کلروفیل و آب نسبی برگ گوجه‌فرنگی در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

2 استادیار ، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

چکیده

نماتد ریشه گرهی Meloidogyne incognita و گل جالیز Orobanche aegyptica انگل ریشۀ گیاهان مختلف محسوب می‌شوند. به‌ منظور بررسی اثر متقابل این دو انگل روی گوجه‌فرنگی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار شامل شاهد، نماتد (2000 عدد لارو سن دوم)، بذر گل جالیز (30 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و ترکیب نماتد (2000 عدد لارو سن دوم) و بذر گل جالیز (30 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) به‌صورت توأم با چهار تکرار در شرایط گلخانه به اجرا درآمد. گیاهچه‌ها در مرحلۀ چهار برگی با سطوح تیماری فوق مایه‌زنی و به گلدان انتقال یافتند و پس از گذشت 60 روز، صفات موردنظر اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو عامل باعث کاهش معنا‌دار وزن خشک و تر شاخساره، کلروفیل، تعداد برگ، آب نسبی برگ، مساحت سطح برگ، ارتفاع بوته، طول ریشه، قطر ساقه و میزان کارایی کوانتومی فتوسیستم II در هر دو حالت روشنایی و تاریکی نسبت به شاهد شدند؛ همچنین تعداد لارو سن دوم، کیسه‌های تخم، تعداد اتصالات گل جالیز روی ریشۀ میزبان، شاخص تولیدمثل نماتد، میزان M، F، QP، QN، NPQ، Fo، Fm و Fv در هر دو حالت روشنایی و تاریکی در حالت تیمار توأم افزایش نشان داد. از سوی دیگر، میزان وزن (تر و خشک) و حجم ریشۀ میزبان در مواجهه با نماتد و گل جالیز به‌ترتیب با افزایش و کاهش همراه بود. همچنین حجم ریشه در تیمار نماتد بیشترین مقدار را داشت. نتایج حاکی از آن است که نماتد مولد گره ریشه و گل جالیز اثر هم‌افزایی بر یکدیگر داشته‌اند.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The combined effect of root-knot nematode and broomrape on tomatoes chlorophyll content, fluorescence parameters and relative water content under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Ghasemzadeh 1
  • Salar Jamali 2
  • Mohammadali Ghasemi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 , Assistant Professor , Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Different species of the root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and broomrape Orobanche aegyptica are parasitic of different plants roots. In order to study the interaction between the parasites of tomato, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments 1- control, 2- nematode (2000, second stage juveniles), 3- seeds of orobanche (30 mg per kg of soil) and 4- nematode (2000, second stage juveniles), with seeds of orobanche (30 mg per kg of soil) with four replications under greenhouse conditions. Treated seeds were planted in sterilized soil. Four-leaf stage seedlings were inoculated with treatments and transferred to pots and fluorescence parameters were measured after 60 days. The results showed that both biological stresses caused a significant reduction in shoot dry weight, number of galls, chlorophyll, leaf number, leaf area, plant height, root length, stem diameter and photosystem II quantum efficiency in both light and darkness compared with control. Also the number of second stage larvae, egg sacs, accessories orobanche, nematode reproductive factor, the M, F, QP, QN, NPQ, Fo, Fm and Fv of both light and darkness in the combined treatment were increased. Whereas the dry weight of root in nematodes tension increased and were decreased in stress of aegyptian orobanche. The root volume was highest in alone nematode treatment. The results indicated that root- knot nematode and orobanche had a synergistic effect.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • fluorescence
  • Meloidogyne incognita
  • Orobanche aegyptica
  • Tomato

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 46، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
پاییز و زمستان
مهر 1394
صفحه 295-306

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 آذر 1394

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