نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
چکیده
جنس Trichoderma قارچی تکنیائی است که بعضی از گونه‌های آن به‌عنوان عامل کنترل زیستی (بیوکنترل) شناخته میشوند. در این بررسی، یازده جدایه از هفت گونۀ Trichoderma شامل Trichoderma harzianum، T. capillare، T. pleuroticola، T. asperellum، T. koningiopsis،
T. brevicompactum و T. virens برای بررسی ارتباط تبارزایی (فیلوژنتیکی) آنها با یکدیگر و با توالی گونه‌های مرجع ثبت‌شده در بانک ژن و ISTH استفاده شد. تودۀ میسیلیومی رشدکرده در محیط PDB با استفاده از کاغذ صافی گردآوری و پس از خشک- انجماد کردن، DNA ژنگانی (ژنومی) آن استخراج شد. نواحی ITS-rDNA و اینترون 2، 3 و 4 از tef1α با استفاده از آغازگرهای عمومی و اختصاصی افزایش و توالی‌یابی شدند. بررسی تبارزایی با الگوریتم درست‌نمایی بیشینه و انتخاب مناسبترین مدل جانشینی نوکلئوتیدی با استفاده از نرمافزار MEGA 6 انجام شد. همۀ درختان تبارزایی حاصل، کلادهای معتبری برای بیشتر جدایهها تولید کردند که ارتباط به نسبت یکسانی را از آنها نشان داد. در همۀ درختان تبارزایی به‌جز درخت مبتنی بر داده‌های حاصل از توالی‌یابی ناحیة ITS، جدایههایT. koningiopsis و T. asperellum یک کلاد قاعدهای معتبر ایجاد کردند. نتیجۀ بررسی تبارزایی که بر پایۀ توالی نواحی مختلف tef1α، اینترون 2 و3، اینترون 4 و هر سه اینترون، برای گونه‌های T. brevicompactum، T.virens، T.koningiopsis و T.pleuroticola به دست آمد کلادهای معتبرتری نسبت به درخت حاصل از تجزیۀ توالی‌های ITS نشان داند. تجزیه و تحلیل درست‌نمایی بیشینه که بر پایۀ توالی اینترون 4 از tef1α انجام شد، کلادهای معتبری برای بیشتر جدایههای Trichoderma ازجمله T. asperellum ایجاد کرد. این نتایج تأیید میکند که تبارزایی مبتنی بر اینترون 4 از tef1α گروهبندی تبارزایی مناسبی برای گونه‌های تریکودرما فراهم میکند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The comparison of ITS-rDNA and tef1α genomic regions for phylogenetic study of some Trichoderma Species
نویسندگان [English]
- Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki
- Maryam Bavarsad
- Reza Farrokhinejad
- Mehdi Jamshidi
- Ashkan Alimohammadi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Genus Trichoderma is a monophyletic fungus which some their species is known as biocontrol agent. This study was carried out for phylogenetic analysis of some isolates of the genus Trichoderma. In this study 73 sequences (including 33 sequences from T. aspereluum, T. brevicompactum, T. capillare, T. harzianum, T. koningiopsis, T. pleuroticola and T. virens and 40 sequences obtained from GeneBank and ISTH) were used in phylogenetic analysis. The biomass of isolates grown in PDB was harvested by filter paper. The genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia after freeze-drying. The regions of ITS-rDNA, tef1/In2-3 and tef1/In4 were amplified using common and specific primers and then sequenced. The data analyzed using maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm through selecting the best-fitting nucleotide substitution model in MEGA 6 software. The results showed that all phylograms present relatively similar relationships for isolates among supported clades. In all gene trees except ITS-based phylogram, the isolates of T. koningiopsis and T. asperellum were positioned within a basal clade with strong bootstrap support. The tef1-based phylogeny showed a stronger supported clade for the species of T. brevicompactum, T.virens, T.koningiopsis and T.pleuroticola compere to ITS-based phylogeny. The tef1/In.4 based ML analysis generated supportive clade for Trichoderma isolates such as T. asperellum. This study confirms that tef1α/Intron4-based phylogeny provide reliable clustering for Trichoderma species.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- ITS
- Maximum Likelihood
- tef1α
- Trichoderma
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