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واکنش تابعی کفشدوزک Hyperaspis polita با تغذیه از شپشک آردآلود پنبه Phenacoccus solenopsis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 دانشیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

3 دانشجوی سابق دکتری حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

واکنش تابعی یکی از بنیادی‌ترین حالت‌های ارتباطی میان طعمه و شکارگر بوده که رابطة میان شمار طعمة مورد حمله و تراکم اولیة طعمه را نشان می‌دهد و با عامل‌هایی مانند مدت‌زمان قرار گرفتن طعمه در دسترس شکارگر، میزان حملة موفق و زمان دسترسی شکارگر به طعمه مشخص می‌شود. کفشدوزک Hyperaspis polita Weise، یکی از عامل‌های کنترل بیولوژیک (بیولوژیک) شمار زیادی از گونه‌های مهم شپشک‌های آردآلود است. در این تحقیق واکنش تابعی لارو سن چهار، ماده و نر بالغ این کفشدوزک روی مادة بالغ شپشک آردآلود پنبه Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsleyدر شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای بهینه 1±30 درجة سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65­ درصد و دورة نوری 14:10 ساعت تاریکی: روشنایی) بررسی شد. تراکم‌های استفاده‌شده برای هر سه مرحلة رشدی شکارگر شامل 2، 4، 8، 16 و 32 عدد طعمه بود. بر پایة نتایج رگرسیون لجستیک واکنش تابعی لارو سن چهار، ماده و نر بالغ H. politaاز نوع دوم تعیین شد. توان جستجوگری (a)، زمان دستیابی (Th) و بیشترین نرخ حمله (T/Th)، توسط مدل راجرز برای لارو سن چهار به ترتیب 00298/0±0196/0 بر ساعت، 4551/0±3262/3 ساعت و 2/7 طعمه، برای مادة بالغ به ترتیب 00238/0±0131/0 بر ساعت، 7419/0±4765/3 ساعت و 9/6 طعمه و برای نر بالغ به­ترتیب 00528/0±0195/0 بر ساعت، 2624/1±0126/12 ساعت و 2 طعمه به دست آمد. بر پایة نتایج این تحقیق لارو سن چهار و مادة بالغ کفشدوزک H. polita کارایی بالایی برای کنترل شپشک آردآلود پنبه داشته و می‌توان از آن‌ها در امر کنترل بیولوژیک این آفت مهم استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Functional response of different life stages of Hyperaspis polita feeding on cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Nakhaei Madih 1
  • Leila Ramezani 2
  • Sara Zarghami 3
  • Nooshin Zandi Sohani 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources. University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Former Ph. D. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The functional response is the most basic form of predator-prey interaction and describes the relationship between the number of prey attacked and the initial prey density. Hyperaspis polita Weise (Col. Coccinellidae) is one of the most important predators of some species of mealybugs and is collected from some parts of Iran especially Khuzestan province. In this research, the functional response of the fourth instar larvae, females and males of this predator to varying densities of female cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley was assessed in a growth chamber (30±1˚C, 65±5% R.H. and photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h). A cubic logistic regression between the proportion of prey killed and initial prey densities was performed to determine the shape (Type II or Type III) of functional response. Based on the logistic regression, functional response type II were determined for all predator stages. The attack rate (a), handling time (Th), and theoretical maximum predation rate (T/Th) were estimated using Roger's model to be 0.0196±0.0029 h-1, 3.3262±0.4551 h, and 7.2 prey/d for fourth instar larvae, 0.0131±0.00238 h-1, 3.4765±0.7419 h, and 6.9 prey/d for adult females and 0.0195±0.00528 h, 12.013±0.2624 h-1, and 1.99 prey/d for adult males respectively. According to our results, the fourth instar larvae and the adult females of H. polita can be applied as an effective biological control agent against P. solenopsis.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • attack rate
  • biological control
  • handling time

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آذر 1395

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