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تأثیر شیوه ‏های مختلف کاربرد ورمی کمپوست بر جمعیت بید گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Lep.; Gelechiidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان 84156-83111

2 استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان 84156-83111

چکیده

استفاده از کودهای آلی با تغییر در سرعت رشد و نمو و فیزیولوژی گیاه، می­تواند رابطه‌های بین گیاه و گیاهخواران را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. در این پژوهش، تأثیر کاربرد کود ورمی­کمپوست به دو صورت جامد و عصارۀ آبی (تی‌کمپوست) در بستر کشت گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی بر ترجیح میزبانی، بقا و فراسنجه­های جدول زندگی باروری بید ­گوجه­فرنگی Tuta absoluta بررسی شد. هر آزمایش شامل پنج تیمار؛ گیاهان گوجه­فرنگی شاهد (بدون کود)، کود جامد 30 و 60 درصد بستر کشت و محلول 20 و 40 درصد تی‌کمپوست بود. نتایج آزمایش ترجیح میزبانی نشان داد کمترین میزان تخم به ازای برگ و بیشترین میزان مرگ‌ومیر لارو در تیمار کود جامد 60درصد است. در بررسی جدول زندگی-باروری کاهش معنی­دار طول عمر افراد ماده (≈ 2 روز)، شمار تخم گذاشته‌شده به ازای هر فرد ماده (≈ 16 تخم)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (≈013/ بر روز)، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (≈8 تخم) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (≈ 01/0 بر روز) بید گوجه‌فرنگی پرورش‌یافته روی گیاه تیمارشده با ورمی­کمپوست به­ویژه در تیمار کود جامد 60 درصد مشاهده شد. تأثیر منفی استفاده از ورمی‌کمپوست بر جمعیت بید گوجه‌فرنگی می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک ابزار مدیریتی آفت مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different application methods of vermicompost on tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Lep., Gelechiidae) population

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Peimani Foroushani 1
  • Nafiseh Poorjavad 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
چکیده [English]

Application of fertilizers in the plant growth medium can affect plant-herbivore interactions by changing plant growth and physiology. In this research, the effect, of solid and aqueous extract (tea compost) of vermicompost application in tomato potting media on host preference, survival and fertility life table parameters of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, were investigated. Five treatments including control (without vermicompost), 30% and 60% solid vermicompost fertilizer, 40% and 20% tea compost were used. Results of host preference test, results showed that the lowest number of eggs per leaf and the highest mortality in the larval stages were observed in 60% solid vermicompost treatment. In the life fertility table investigation, female adult longevity (≈ 2days), the number of eggs laid per female (≈16 eggs), intrinsic rate of increase (≈0.013 day-1), net reproductive rate (≈8 nymphs), and finite rate of increase (≈0.01 day-1) of tomato leaf miner reared on plants treated with vermicompost were significantly decreased especially in 60% solid vermicompost treatment. The negative effect of vermicompost application on the tomato leaf miner population can be mentioned in integrated pest management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Greenhouse cultivation
  • intrinsic rate of increase
  • tea compost
  • Tomato
  • Tomato leaf miner

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 اسفند 1395

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