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ترکیب‌های محافظ سرما در شفیره‌های آزمایشگاهی و زمستان‌گذران سفیدۀ بزرگ کلم Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهشکدۀ کشاورزی سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، آزمایشگاه حشره‌شناسی کاربردی، تهران، ایران، صندوق‌پستی 111-33535

چکیده

سفیدۀ بزرگ کلم Pieris brassicae (L.)، از آفات مهم گیاهان خانوادۀ چلیپاسانان بوده که به‌صورت شفیره روی گیاهان مختلف یا دیگر پناهگاه‌ها، زمستان را پشت سر می‌گذارد. در زمینۀ تغییرپذیری فیزیولوژیکی این آفت در طول زمستان که آن را در برابر دماهای پایین متحمل می‌سازد اطلاعات کمی در دست است. لذا در این بررسی، ترکیب‌های محافظ سرما در حشرات گردآوری‌شده در ماه‌های پاییز و زمستان و همچنین شفیره‌های آزمایشگاهی که به مدت یک هفته در دماهای 27، 15، 10، 7 و 4 درجۀ سلسیوس تیمار شده بودند با کمک LC/MS شناسایی و روند تغییرپذیری آن‌ها با کمک HPLC بررسی شد. همچنین تغییر گلیکوژن به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین منبع ترکیب‌های محافظ سرما بررسی شد. چهار ترکیب ترهالوز، سوربیتول، گلوکز و اینوزیتول شناسایی شدند که در میان آن‌ها ترهالوز و پس از آن سوربیتول بیشترین افزایش را در ماه‌های زمستان نشان دادند و به موازات این تغییرپذیری‌ها کاهش معنی‌داری در میزان گلیکوژن مشاهده شد. همچنین دو ترکیب ترهالوز و سوربیتول در شفیره‌های آزمایشگاهی تیمارشده در دمای 7 و 4 درجۀ سلسیوس به طرز معنی‌داری افزایش یافتند. به‌این‌ترتیب به نظر می‌رسد افزایش ترهالوز و سوربیتول به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین ترکیب محافظ سرما نقش به سزایی را در تحمل دماهای پایین زمستان در این حشره ایفا کند و دماهای زیر 10 درجۀ سلسیوس سبب القای این ترکیب‌ها در این شفیره‌ها شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Cryoprotectants in lab-reared and overwintering pupae of large cabbage white, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

نویسنده [English]

  • Maryam Atapour
Assistant Professor, Institute of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST). P.O. Box: 33535111, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The large cabbage white, Pieris brassicae (L.), is a pest of Brassicaceae family which overwinters as a pupa on different host plants or other shelters. Little information is available on the physiological changes during overwintering of this pest and its cold tolerance. In the current study, the cryoprotectants were identified by LC/MS and their changes were examined by HPLC in specimens collected during the months of autumn and winter, as well as lab-reared pupae which treated one week at 27, 15, 10, 7, and 4 °C.  The changes of glycogen content were investigated as the main source of cryoprotectants. Four compounds of trehalose, sorbitol, glucose, and inositol were identified and trehalose and sorbitol showed the highest increase in the winter months and these changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in the glycogen content. In lab-reared pupae treated in 7 and 4 °C, trehalose and sorbitol significantly increased. Therefore, it seems that trehalose and sorbitol, as the most important cryoprotectants, play a significant role in tolerating of low temperatures of winter and tolerating temperatures below 10 °C can induce the production of such compounds in this species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cryoprotectants
  • glycogen
  • large cabbage white
  • trehalose
  • sorbitol

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 بهمن 1395

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