1محقق، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج
2دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج
3استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج
چکیده
در این تحقیق، واکنش 138 ژنوتیپ چغندرقند شامل 127 فامیل نیمه خواهری (HSF) و 11 جمعیت والدینی آن‌ها به همراه دو شاهد مقاوم و حساس نسبت به بیماری سفیدک سطحی ناشی از قارچ Weltzien Vanha)) Erysiphebetaeدر شرایط مزرعه در ایستگاه تحقیقات چغندرقند مهندس مطهری کرج در سال 1392تعیین شد. بر پایۀ روند شدت آلودگی در30 مرداد، شمار 22 ژنوتیپ به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم (با شدت آلودگی کمتر از 5/2) شناسایی شدند. در این میان، فامیل‌های HSF-850، HSF-848 و HSF-853به ترتیب با شدت آلودگی 1، 2/1 و 3/1 به‌عنوان مقاوم‌ترین فامیل‌ها بودند. تجزیۀ رگرسیون نشان داد، با افزایش شدت بیماری، عملکرد شکر سفید و عیار قند کاهش می‌یابد. با انجام تجزیۀ خوشه‌ای، جمعیت‌های والدینی اولیه و فامیل‌های به‌دست‌آمده به 7 گروه تقسیم شدند. در این میان، اغلب ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل/مقاوم در گروه 5 قرار گرفتند که می‌توان از آن‌ها برای انتقال مقاومت بهره گرفت. در گروه 2، ژنوتیپ‌های HSF-584، HSF-582، HSF-557، HSF-551، HSF-866، HSF-844، HSF-670، HSF-556، HSF-628، HSF–610، HSF-564، HSF-685،HSF–619، HSF–664و HSF-558قرار داشتند که وضعیت بسیار مطلوب از نظر عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد شکر سفید، درصد قند قابل استحصال و عیار قند داشتند. لذا می‌توان از این فامیل‌ها به‌عنوان والد گرده‌افشان برای تهیۀ رقم‌های هیبرید (دورگ) استفاده کرد یا در چرخۀ بعدی گزینش، از آن‌ها فامیل‌های نیمه خواهری یا تمام خواهری جدید تهیه کرد.
Field evaluation of sugar beet half-sib families’ reaction to powdery mildew
نویسندگان [English]
Elham Moaven1؛ Abazar Rajabi2؛ Mohsen Aghaizadeh3
1Researcher, Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2Associate Professor, Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]
In this research, the reaction of 138 sugar beet half-sib families and their 11 parental populations to powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae Weltzien Vanha) was studied in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Motahari Research Station, Karaj, Iran in 2013. A linear scale of 0-9 was used for disease rating. On the basis of disease scoring conducted in 10th September, 22 genotypes with a score lower than 2.5 were found to be disease resistant. The families HSF-850, HSF-853, and HSF-848 with the disease score of 1, 1.2, and 1.3, respectively, were the most resistant families. Regression analysis showed that white sugar yield and sugar content were decreased by increasing the disease. Cluster analysis classified the initial populations as well as their half-sib families into 7 groups. Among these, most of the tolerant/resistant genotypes were clustered in the group 5 which could be used for resistance transfer. The cluster 2 included the genotypes HSF-584, HSF-582, HSF-557, HSF-551, HSF-866, HSF-844, HSF-670, HSF-556, HSF-628, HSF–610, HSF-564, HSF-685, HSF–619, HSF–664, and HSF-558 which were considered as families with optimum root yield, white sugar yield, white sugar content and sugar content. Therefore, these families could be used as pollinator parents to develop hybrid varieties or they can be exploited in the next cycle of family selection to develop new half-sib or full-sib families.
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