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بررسی مقاومت القایی در گندم، Triticum aestivum L. نسبت به شتۀ سبز گندم، Sitobion avenae Fabricius Hem.: Aphididae در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

شتۀ سبز گندم، Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)، یکی از آفات مهم غلات دانه­ریز به‌ویژه گندم است. پارامتر (فراسنجه)های زیستی شته درون اتاقک رشد تنظیم­شده در دمای 2±25 درجۀ سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دورۀ نوری14:10 (روشنایی: تاریکی) در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی و آزمایش کرت­های خردشده تعیین شد. عامل اصلی شامل دو رقم گندم (سای­سونز و شیرودی) و عامل فرعی عبارت از  مدت­زمان­های پیش­آلودگی (0، 2، 4، 6، 8 روز) بود. نتایج نشان داد، بین تیمارها از نظر پارامترهای نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت(rm) ، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ)، مدت‌زمان دو برابر شدن جمعیت (DT) و میانگین مدت‌زمان یک نسل (T)S. avenae اختلاف معنی­داری وجود دارد.بیشترین و کمترین مقدار rmدر رقم سای­سونز به ترتیب در شاهد (092/0 بر روز) و تیمار 6 روز پیش­آلودگی (063/0 بر روز) مشاهده شد. همچنین، در رقم شیرودی بیشترین و کمترین مقدار rm شته به ترتیب در شاهد (216/0 بر روز) و تیمار شش روز پیش­آلودگی (157/0 بر روز) به دست آمد. بنابراین، می­توان نتیجه گرفت که آلودگی­های پیشین گندم به مدت شش روز ضمن القای مقاومت، نرخ رشد جمعیت شته را کاهش می­دهد و در برنامۀ مدیریت تلفیقی یا IPM این آفت می­تواند مفید واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of induced resistance in wheat, Triticum aestivum L., to English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hem.: Aphididae) under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gadir Nouri-Ganbalani 1
  • Mozhgan Mardani-Talaee 2
  • Manijeh Panahi Khaneghah 3
  • Jebraeil Razmjou 1
  • Ali Asghar Fathi 1
1 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Former Ph. D. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), is an important pest of cereal, particularly wheat. The biological parameters of aphid were determined in a growth chamber at 25±2° C, 60±5% R. H. and 14:10 (L: D) conditionsin a completely randomized design as a split plot experiment. The main factor was wheat cultivars of Sysonz and Shiroodi, and the subplot consisted of five different pre- infestation periods (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days). The results indicated significant differences among the treatments in the aspect of net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), doubling time (DT) and mean generation time (T) of S. avenae. The highest and lowest rm in Saysonz cultivar was observed on control (0.092 d-1) and 6 days pre- infestation period treatment (0.063 d-1), respectively. Also, the highest and lowest rm in Shiroodi cultivar was obtained on control (0.216 d-1) and 6 days pre- infestation period (0.157 d-1), respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the prior infestation of the wheat plants by this aphid for a 6 days period, can  reduce population growth rate of the aphid and so it can be used in the IPM of the aphid.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological parameters
  • Induced resistance
  • pre-infestation
  • Sitobion avenae

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 خرداد 1397

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