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تنوع ژنتیکی جمعیت‌های مختلف کرم گلوگاه انار Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) با استفاده از DNA میتوکندریایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 هئت علمی

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران.

4 عضو هیات علمی

چکیده

کرم گلوگاه انار، Ectomyelois ceratoniae، مهم‌ترین آفت انار در ایران و از مؤثر‌ترین عامل‏های تهدیدکنندۀ صادرات این محصول محسوب می‌شود ولی پژوهش‌های کمی روی تنوع و ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت‌های آن در کشور انجام شده است. ازاین‌روی به‌منظور افزایش آگاهی از ساختار و تنوع ژنتیکی جمعیت‌های این آفت، انارهای آلودۀ رقم‏های مختلف از دوازده استان کشور طی سال‌های 1395 و 1396 جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از بخشی از ژن DNA میتوکندریایی، سیتوکروم اکسیداز I ((COI مؤلفه‌های تنوع ژنتیکی بررسی شد. همچنین شبکۀ هاپلوتیپی و درخت تبارزایی با روش بیشینۀ درست‌نمایی (Maximum Likelihood) ترسیم شد. در این پژوهش، تعداد شش هاپلوتیپ به‌دست آمد. هاپلوتیپ یک که در بین تمام جمعیت‌ها مشترک بود، می‌تواند به‌عنوان هاپلوتیپ اجدادی معرفی شود که سایر هاپلوتیپ‌ها از آن تکامل یافته‌اند. این هاپلوتیپ با یک جهش به سایر هاپلوتیپ‌ها متصل و شکل ستاره‌ای را در شبکه هاپلوتیپی تشکیل داده است. نتیجه‏های گروه‌بندی جمعیت‌های جغرافیایی نشان می‌دهند ناحیۀ مرکزی کشور، تنوع هاپلوتیپی کمتری نسبت به ناحیه‏های شمال و جنوب ایران دارد. تنوع ژنتیکی درون جمعیتی بالا (15/99 درصد) در مقابل تنوع کم ژنتیکی بین جمعیت‌ها (05/0P>، 13/2- درصد) حاصل از آزمون AMOVA و سطح بالای اشتراک هاپلوتیپی در شبکه، نشان می‌دهد که ساختار ژنتیکی مشخصی بین جمعیت‌ها وجود ندارد. در آزمون منتل ارتباطی بین فاصلۀ ژنتیکی و جغرافیایی و در آزمون منتل جزئی اثر معنی‌دار رقم بر بروز اختلاف‏های ژنتیکی به دست نیامد.چنین ساختار ژنتیکی می‌تواند حاصل سازگاری انار با خرداقلیم‌های مختلف، کشت رقم‏های متداول تجاری و برقراری اکوسیستم زراعی یکنواخت و انتقال محصول توسط انسان باشد که منجر به برقراری جریان ژنی زیاد و کاهش اختلاف‏های ژنتیکی حتی در فاصله‏های جغرافیایی گسترده می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic diversity of different populations of the pomegranate fruit moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) using the mitochondrial DNA

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Malek Shahkouyi 1
  • Jamasb Nozari 2
  • Vahid Hosseini naveh 3
  • Seyed Hossein Goldansaz 4
1 Plant Protection Depatment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran,Karaj, Iran.
2 Plant Protection Depatment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran,Karaj, Iran.
3 Plant Protection Depatment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran,Karaj, Iran.
4 Plant Protection Depatment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran,Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae, is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran and is one of the most effective threats to the export of this product, but only a few studies have been done on the diversity and genetic structure of its populations.Therefore, in order to increase knowledge about the structure and genetic diversity of this pest populations, infested pomegranates were collected from 12 provinces of the country during 2016 and 2017 and genetic diversity components were investigated using a part of the mitochondrial DNA gene, cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Also, the haplotypic network and the phylogenetic tree was drawn using the maximum likelihood method. In the present study, six haplotypes were obtained. The first haplotype (H1) was common in all populations, which can be considered as the ancestral haplotype so that other haplotypes have been evolved from it. This haplotype is connected to other haplotypes with a mutation and forms a star-like shape in the haplotypic network. Results of the grouping populations indicate that the northern part of Iran has the most diversity of haplotypes in comparison to the central and southern parts, which can be related to native cultivars, genetic diversity of cultivars, and natural habitat of Pomegranates in this area. The adaptation of pomegranates to different micro-climates, development of commercial cultivation of traditional varieties, and the role of the human in product transformation lead to high gene flow and genetic differences reduction even at wide geographical distances.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cytochrome oxidase I
  • Haplotype
  • population

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 آبان 1397

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