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الگوی پراکنش فضایی مراحل نابالغ پسیل معمولی پستۀ Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) در منطقۀ رفسنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حشره‌شناسی، واحد رفسنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رفسنجان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه حشره‌شناسی، واحد رفسنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

پسیل معمولی پستۀ Agonoscena pistaciae ‎Burckhardt & Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae)‎، یکی از مهم­ترین آفات درختان پسته در کشور ایران است. به­منظور بررسی الگوی پراکنش‎ ‎فضایی تخم و پورۀ این آفت، نمونه‎برداری‎های هفتگی و منظم از باغ پسته، رقم کله­قوچی انجام شد. برگچۀ انتهایی درختا­­ن به‌عنوان واحد نمونه‎برداری انتخاب و تراکم جمعیت تخم و پوره‎ در سه ارتفاع بالا، میانی و پایین درخت شمارش شد. الگوی پراکنش فضایی تخم و پورۀ‎ پسیل معمولی پسته با استفاده از روش واریانس به میانگین، ‏مدل‎های‎ رگرسیونی ‏تیلور و ‏آیوائو و شاخص لوید تعیین شد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از روش واریانس به میانگین و شاخص لوید الگوی پراکنش فضایی تخم و پورۀ‎ این آفت در هر سه ارتفاع از نوع تجمعی به­دست آمد. شیب‌خط رگرسیون در هر دو مدل رگرسیونی تیلور و آیوائو برای تخم در ارتفاع میانی به­طور معنی‌داری بزرگ‌تر از یک به­دست آمد، که نشان‌دهندۀ تجمعی بودن الگوی پراکنش فضایی، و در ارتفاع بالا و پایین درخت کوچک­تر از یک بود که نشان­دهندۀ تصادفی بودن الگوی پراکنش فضایی این مرحلۀ رشدی است. شیب‌خط رگرسیون در هر دو مدل رگرسیونی تیلور و آیوائو برای پورۀ پسیل معمولی پسته در هر سه ارتفاع به‌طور معنی‌داری بزرگ‌تر از 1 به­دست آمد، که نشان‌دهندۀ تجمعی بودن پراکنش فضایی پوره در هر سه ارتفاع است. نتایج ‏به‌دست‌آمده از این تحقیق در توسعۀ برنامه‌های نمونه‌برداری پسیل معمولی پسته اهمیت دارد.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial distribution of immature stages of Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) in Rafsanjan region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolghasem Tavakoli Zadeh 1
  • Mohammad Reza Hassani 2
  • Zahra Sheibani Tezerji 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Entomology, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is one of the most important pests of pistachio trees in Iran. To investigate the spatial distribution pattern of egg and nymph of this pest, samplings were done weekly in a pistachio orchards cultivar Kalleh-ghochi. The pistachio terminal leaflet was selected as sampling unit and the number of egg and nymph was recorded in three canopies of tree, up, middle and down parts. The spatial distribution pattern of egg and nymph of A. pistaciae was determined using mean - variance ratio, Taylor´s power low, Iwao´s patchiness regression model and Lloyd's mean crowding index. Based on the mean- variance ratio and Lloyd index, the spatial distribution of egg and nymph, at three canopies of tree was estimated, aggregated. The slope of the regression for Taylor´s power low and Iwao´s patchiness regression model for egg, in middle canopy of tree was significantly more than one, then the spatial distribution was estimated, aggregated and in up and down canopies was estimated, random distribution. In both Taylor´s power low and Iwao´s patchiness regression model, the slope of the regression model for nymph, at three canopies of tree was significantly more than one, then the spatial distribution was estimated aggregated. The results of present study are usefull for developing sampling programs of the common pistachio psyllid.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agonoscena pistaciae
  • common pistachio psyllid
  • sample size
  • sampling
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