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تحلیل زمانی پیشرفت اپیدمی های بیماری سفیدک‌پودری انگور در منطقه سیستان، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، گرگان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

بیماری سفیدک‌پودری انگور به ‌وسیله‌ی قارچ Erysiphe necator ایجاد شده و از گسترده‌ترین بیماریهای انگور در دنیا و ایران به شمار می‌رود. بررسی پیشرفت زمانی اپیدمی این بیماری بهوسیله‌ی ارزیابی داده‌های مربوط به‌30 تاکستان در سه شهرستان زابل، زهک و هامون از منطقه سیستان و طی دو سال زراعی 96-1395و 97-1396 انجام گردید. بازدیدهای میدانی از تاکستانها جهت ثبت دادههای مربوط به وقوع و شدت بیماری از زمان شروع رشد گیاه تا زمان برداشت محصول بهصورت هفتگی انجام پذیرفت. منحنی تغییرات زمانی این بیماری در تاکستانها با استفاده از مدلهای خطی، تک مولکولی، لوجستیک، لاگ‌لوجستیک و گومپرتز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و مدل‌ها بر اساس پارامترهای آماری نظیر ضریب تبیین (R2)، ضریب تبیین تصحیح شده (aR2) و انحراف معیار محاسبات (SEE) مورد مقایسه و بهترین مدل انتخاب گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در مجموع دو سال زراعی، برای سه متغیر میزان وقوع بیماری، شدت آلودگی برگ‌ها و شدت آلودگی خوشه‌ها، مدل تک‌مولکولی به ترتیب با 100‌، 100 و 33/98 درصد اپیدمی‌های مورد مطالعه، برازش داشته است. ضریب تبیین این مدل برای سه متغیر فوق به ترتیب 64/91، 60/89 و 27/90 محاسبه و بر این اساس، این مدل به عنوان مناسب‌ترین مدل جهت توصیف روند پیشرفت این بیماری در شرایط تاکستانهای منطقه سیستان انتخاب گردید. همچنین در مجموع دو سال زراعی، میانگین نرخ سرانه افزایش این بیماری (rm) در سطح تاکستانها نیز برای هر سه متغیر فوق به ترتیب 016/0، 004/0 و 005/0 بوده است. این تحقیق برای نخستین بار در سطح منطقه سیستان و ایران انجام می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Temporal analysis of Grapevine Powdery Mildew Epidemics Progress in Sistan Region, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Nasirpour 1
  • Mohammad Salari 2
  • Mohammad Ali Aghajani 3
  • Abdolhosein Taheri 4
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran.
2 Department of Plant pathology, University of Zabol, Iran
3 Research Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, College of plant productions Gorgan University of Agricultural science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Grape powdery mildew (GPM) caused by plant pathogenic fungus Erysiphe necator, is the most widespread disease on grapevine in worldwide including Iran. Temporal analysis of disease epidemics was carried out by evaluating GPM in 30 vineyards in three cities of Sistan region, includeing Zabol, Zahak and Hamoon during 2017 and 2018. Field survey of vineyards to record disease incidence (I) and severity (S) was started from plant growth onset to harvest time, weekly program. Disease progress curves (DPCs) were evaluated by mathematical growth models including Linear, Monomolecular, Logistic, Log-logistic and Gompertz and their goodness of fit determined based on such statistics as coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted R2 (aR2)and standard error of estimates (SEE). Result showed that in total two years, for three variables of disease including: disease incidence, leaf disease severity and fruit disease severity, the Monomolecular model was fitted with 100, 100 and 98.33% of studied epidemics respectively. Means R2 of this model for three disease variables, calculated 91.64%, 89.60% and 90.27% respectively and this model was selected as the most appropriate model for describe GPM progress in Sistan region for two studied years‌.Also in total of two years rates of increase (rm) per unit of disease in the vineyards for three disease variables were 0.016, 0.004 and 0.005 respectively. This research is conducted for the first time in the region of Sistan and Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
  • Erysiphe necator
  • Epidemiological growth model
  • Monomolecular model

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
شهریور 1399
صفحه 93-108

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 دی 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 بهمن 1398

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