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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران

دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران

بررسی بیمارگری دو سویه از قارچ Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill روی لارو برگخوار چمن Spodoptera cilium Guenee در شرایط آزمایشگاه و مزرعه‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
مرضیه حاتمی 1
علی اصغر سراج 2
مهدی مهرابی کوشکی 3
معصومه ضیایی 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری حشره شناسی گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
4 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
10.22059/ijpps.2021.304142.1006944
چکیده
پروانه برگخوار چمن با نام علمی Spodoptera cilium (Guenee 1852) یکی از آفات چمن در فضای سبز مناطق جنوبی ایران و بسیاری از کشورهای جهان است. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی کارآیی دو سویه ایرانی قارچ Beauveria bassiana Vuill (Bals.) شامل IRAN440C و IRAN441C روی لاروهای S. cilium در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه‌ صورت گرفت. لاروها در دمای۱±۲۵ درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی ۵±۶۰ درصد و تناوب نوری ۱۶:۸ ساعت روشنایی: تاریکی روی برگ چمن پرورش یافتند. اثر غلظت‌های مختلف دو سویه قارچ بر لارو های سن دوم و چهارم، با دو روش غوطه‌وری لاروها و آغشته‌سازی برگ چمن با سوسپانسیون اسپور انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو سن لاروی، درصد تلفات با افزایش غلظت اسپور، افزایش می‌یابد. بر اساس میزان تلفات ایجاد شده در دو مرحله، در هر دو روش، بیشترین درصد تلفات تجمعی (۱/۵۱ درصد) در غلظت ۱۰۶×۵ اسپور در میلی‌لیتر مشاهده شد. با افزایش غلظت سوسپانسیون کاهش معنی‌داری در مدت زمان لازم برای از بین بردن ۵۰ درصد جمعیت لاروها مشاهده شد. نتایج ما نشان داد که سویه IRAN440C قارچ B. bassiana در غلظت ۱۰۶×۵ اسپور در میلی‌لیتر موثرترین سویه از لحاظ زهرآگینی و ایجاد درصد تلفات بالا در جمعیت لاروهای برگخوار چمن شناخته شد. بنابراین، این سویه میتواند در برنامه‌های کنترلی کرم برگخوار چمن در فضای سبز شهری مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کنترل بیولوژیکی
بیمارگر حشرات
بیماری قارچی
بیماری زایی
Spodoptera cilium

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation the pathogenicity of two isolates of Beauveria bassiana Vuill (Bals.) on Spodoptera cilium Guenee larvae under laboratory and field conditions

نویسندگان English

Marziyeh Hatami 1
Ali asghar Seraj 2
Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki 3
Masumeh Ziaee 4
1 PhD student in Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Professor Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4 ,Associate Professor Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

Spodoptera cilium (Guenee 1852) is one of the grass pests in green space in the southern regions of Iran and many countries around the world. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the two Iranian isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.)Vuill including IRAN440C and IRAN441C on S. cilium larvae under laboratory and field conditions. The larvae were reared at 25±10 C, a relative humidity of 60±5%, and a 16:8 h (L:D) photoperiod on grass leaves. The effect of different concentrations of two fungal isolates on second and third larval instars was performed by two methods of larval dipping and grass leaf immersion with spore suspension. The results showed that in both larval instars, the percentage of mortality increased with increasing spore concentration. Based on the mortality rate for both stages, in both methods, the highest percentage of cumulative mortality (51.1%) was observed at a concentration of 5×106 spores of fungi per mL. As the concentration of the suspension increased, a significant decrease in the time required to mortality 50% of the larval population was observed. Our results indicated that the IRAN440C strain of B. bassiana at 5×106 spores of fungi per mL concentration was the most effective strain in terms of toxicity and high mortality in the population of S. cilium. Therefore, this strain can be used in control programs of grasslawn armyworm in urban green space.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Biocontrol
entomopathogen
mycosis
pathogenicity
Spodoptera cilium
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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
بهمن 1400
صفحه 15-24

  • تاریخ دریافت 29 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری 28 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش 08 تیر 1400