c3518cb17d976b8

تنوع ژنتیکی و بیماریزایی در قارچ Mauginiella scaettae، عامل پوسیدگی گل‌آذین خرما (خامج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 .گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌های گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشگاه تهران- پردیس ابوریحان- استادیار

3 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

4 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

5 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

6 استاد/ گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

خامج (Khamedj) یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های قارچی نخل به شمار می‌آید که در سال‌هایی که شرایط محیطی مساعد باشد، اپیدمی‌های خطرناک ایجاد می‌کند و تا 80 درصد خسارت اقتصادی به بار می‌آورد. تعداد 27 جدایه قارچ Mauginiella scaettae عامل این بیماری، از نقاط مختلف خرماخیز کشور، دو جدایه از کشور عراق و یک جدایه از کشور کویت از روی ارقام مختلف نخل طی سال‌های 1398-1397 جمع‌آوری شده و در این پژوهش به کار رفت. هفت نشانگرEST-SSR برای بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی این جدایه‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت که از بین آنها تعداد پنج لوکوس (SNOD1،SNOD26 ،SNOD22 ، SNOD17 وSNOD21 ) دارای پلی‌مورفیسم بوده و در مجموع از آنها شانزده الل به‌دست آمد. دو نشانگر (SNOD5 و SNOD16) نیز فاقد توانایی تکثیر بودند. دندروگرام روابط خویشاوندی با استفاده از تجزیه خوشه‌ای مبتنی بر ضریب تشابه جاکارد ترسیم شد و جدایه‌ها در پنج کلاستر قرار گرفتند. دو کلاستر (V، IV) به تعدادی زیر کلاسترتقسیم شدند. بیشترین ضریب تشابه بین جدایه‌هایIlam-sa و Behb-kh2 (75/0) و بیشترین فاصله ژنتیکی با سایر جدایه‌ها مربوط به جدایه‌های Kheshbid-za و Abad-sa1 بود. سیزده جدایه از بین کلاسترهای ژنتیکی شناسایی شده برای بررسی گروه‌های بیماری‌زایی روی رقم استعمران انتخاب شدند. جدایه‌ها در سطح یک درصد از نظر درصد شدت بیماریزایی اختلاف معنی‌دار داشتند. بیشترین و کمترین شدت بیماریزایی به ترتیب مربوط به جدایه‌های Behb-ma1 و Mehr-sa بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Mauginiella scaettae the causal agent of date palm

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Alvanipour 1
  • Heshmatolah Aminian 2
  • Khalil Alami-Saeid 3
  • Karim Sorkheh 4
  • Reza Farrokhinejad 5
  • Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah 6
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Pathology, Abouraihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Pathology, Abouraihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Iran
4 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
5 Department of Plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
6 Professor/Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Science,, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

khamedj is one of the most important fungal diseases that in a favorable condition can lead to severe outbreaks and causing an 80% loss of the annual harvest. 30 isolates of Mauginiella scaettae, the causative agent of this disease including 27 isolates from different locations of the Iran, two isolates from Iraq and one isolate from Kuwait were collected from different palm cultivars during 1397-1397 and used in the present study. Seven EST-SSRs markers were applied to show the genetic diversity among these 30 isolates. Five loci including, SNOD1, SNOD26, SNOD22, SNOD17, and SNOD21 were polymorphic among the species and revealed a total of 16 alleles. Also, two microsatellite markers, including SNOD5 and SNOD16, did not amplify and showed no amplification. The dendrogram constructed based on the similarity index resulted in five major clusters so that two clusters were divided into sub-clusters. The highest similarity value was observed between isolates Ilam-sa and Behb-kh2 (0.75) and followed by isolates abad-ma1 and ramh-sa1 (0.57). On the other hand, two isolates Kheshbid-za and Abad-sa1 have the highest genetic distances with other isolates. Thirteen isolates were selected from the identified genetic groups to study pathogenic groups on the sayer cultivar. The results indicated that there were significant differences among isolates used. The results revealed that Behb-ma1 isolate and Mehr-sa isolate showed the lowest and highest pathogenicity, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fingerprint group
  • DNA polymorphism
  • Sayer cultivar
  • Differences isolates

مراجع

  1. Abbas, K. I., Hameed, A. M and Jameel, M. S. 2008. Susceptibility of different cultivars of date palm Phoenix dactylifera to casualty of inflorescence rot in some Basrah regions. Basrah Journal of Date Palm Research, 7 (1), 61-70. (In Arabic).
  2. Abdullah, S.K., Asensio, L., Monfort, E., Gomez-Vidal, S., Palma-Guerrero, J., Salinas, J., Lopez-Llorca, L.V., Jansson, H. B. and Guarro, J. 2005. Occurrence in Elx, SE Spain of inflorescence rot disease of date palms caused by Mauginiella scaettae. Phytopathology, 153(7-8), 417–
  3. Al- Ahmar, A. 2009. An object-oriented expert system for diagnosis fungal disease of date palm. International Journal of Soft Computing, 4(5), 201-207.
  4. Alizadeh, A., Javan-Nikkhah, , Zare, R., Fotouhifar, K. B., Damm, U. and Stukenbrock, E. H. 2015. New records of Colletotrichum species for the mycobiota of Iran. Mycologia Iranica, 2(2), 94–108.
  5. Alvanipour, H., Aminian, H., Alami-Saeid, K., Sorkheh, K., Farrokhinejad, R., Ali Nejati, A., and Javan-Nikkhah, M. (2020). Cross-transferability of SSR loci of Phaeosphaeria nodorum to Mauginiella scaettae. Mycologia Iranica, 7(1), 135-142.
  6. Al-Yaseri, I. I. and Ismail, A. Z. 2011. Efficacy of some fungicides to controlling date palm inflorescence rot caused by Mauginiella scaettae http://www. uokufa.edu.iq. (In Arabic).
  7. Baird, R. E., Phillip, A., Allen, T. W., McNeill, D., Wang, Z., Moulton, J. K., Rinehart, T. A., Abbas, H. K., Shier, T. and Trigiano, R. B. 2010. Variability of United States isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina based on simple sequence repeats and cross genus transferability to related genera within Botryosphaeriaceae. Mycopathologia, 170(3), 169-180.
  8. Bensaci, M. B., Rahmania, F. and Luis, A. J. M. 2015. The date palm inflorescence rot fungus Mauginiella scaettae can infects the model host Arabidopsis thaliana. 18th International Plant Protection Congress, 3-6 April., Berlin, pp. 299.
  9. Dowson, V. H. W. 1991. Date Production and Protection. (1st ed). Tehran. Ministry of Agriculture Extension Organization. (In Farsi).
  10. Djerbi, M. 1998. Disease of date palm: present status and future prospects. Journal of Agricultural and Marine Science, 3(1), 103-114.
  11. Dutech, C., Enjalbert, J., Fournier, E., Delmotte, F., Barre`s, B., Carlier, J., Tharreau, D. and Giraud, T. 2007. Challenges of microsatellite isolation in fungi. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 44(10), 933–949.
  12. Farrokhinejad, R. 1994. Investigation on the inflorescence rot of the date palm in Khuzestan. Sc. dissertation. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Khuzestan. (In Farsi).
  13. Fawcett, H. S. and Klotz, L. J. 1932. Diseases of the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera. Bulletin 522. University of California, Berkeley, College of agriculture. 47 PP.
  14. Galehdari, H., Foroughmand, A. M., Roshanfekr, H. and Nazari, M. 2005. Exhaustive Genetic Engineering. (1st ed). Golhaye Behesht. (In Farsi).
  15. Hameed, A. M. 2005. Susceptibility of different cultivars of Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) to Mauginiella scaettae the causal agent of inflorescence rot. Basrah Journal for Date Palm Research, 4)1-2), 37-53. (In Arabic).
  16. Huang, L., Deng, Z., Li, R., Xia, Y., Bai, G., Siddique, K. H. M. and Guo, P. 2018. A fast silver staining protocol enabling simple and efficient detection of SSR markers using a non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 134, 1-7.
  17. Jonoobi, M., Shafie, M., Shirmohammadli, Y., Ashori, A., Hosseinabadi, H. Z. and Mekonnen, T. 2019. A review on date palm tree: properties, characterization and its potential applications. Journal of Renewable Materials, 7(11), 1055-1075.
  18. Karaoglu, H., Lee, C. M. Y. and Meyer, W. 2005. Survey of simple sequence repeats in completed fungal genomes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 22(3), 639-649.
  19. Kumar, S., Rai, S., Maurya, D. K., Kashyap, P. L., Srivastava, A. K. and Anandaraj, M. 2013. Cross-species transferability of microsatellite markers from Fusarium oxysporum for the assessment of genetic diversity in Fusarium udum. Phytoparasitica, 41(5), 615-622.
  20. Motallebi, M., Zamani, M. R. and Hoseinzadeh Kargar, A. 2002. Evaluation of the relationship between polygalacturonase activity and pathogenicity of Iranian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei, Journal of Hydrology and Soil Science, 6(4), 159-168. (In Farsi).
  21. Mohagery, A. R. 1995. Evaluation of reaction and persistency of date palm cultivars to inflorescence rot disease and yield loss in Khuzestan province. 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, September. Karaj, Iran. pp. 251. (In Farsi).
  22. Qayem, A. A. 2015. Middle Arabic - Persian Contemporary Culture (4th ed). Tehran. Farhang Moaser. (In Farsi).
  23. Rossetto, M. 2001. Sourcing of SSR markers from related plant species (Chap. 14). (pp. 211–224). Plant genotyping the DNA fingerprinting of plants. New York. CABI.
  24. Sheikholeslami, M., Okhovat, S. M., Hejaroude, Gh., Sharifi Tehrani, A., Javan Nikkhah, M. and Najafi Mirak, T. Investigation on interaction of isolate-genotype between Erysiphe betae and Beta vulgaris under greenhouse condition. Journal of sugar beet, 21(2), 123-135. (In Farsi).
  25. Sigler, L. and Carmichael, J. W. 1976. Taxonomy of Malbranchea and some other hyphomycetes with arthroconidia. Mycotaxon, 4, 349-488.
  26. Singh, R., Kumar, S., Lalkashyap, P., Kumar Srivastava, A., Mishra, S. and Kumar Sharma, A. 2014. Identification and characterization of microsatellite from Alternaria brassicicola to assess cross-species transferability and utility as a diagnostic marker. Molecular Biotechnology, 56(11), 1049–1059.
  27. Stukenbrock, E. H., banke, S., Zala, M., Mcdonald, B. A. and Oliver, R. P. 2005. Isolation and characterization of EST-derived microsatellite loci from the fungal wheat pathogen Phaeosphaeria nodorum. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5(4), 931–
  28. von Arx, J. A., van der Walt, J. and Liebenberg N. V. D. W. 1982. On Mauginiella scaettae. Sydowia, 34, 42–
  29. White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. and Taylor, J. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innes, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., White, T. J. (eds) PCR protocols. Academic Press, London, pp 315–
  30. Zhong, S. and Steffenson, B. J. 2001. Virulence and molecular diversity in Cochliobolus sativus. Genetics and Resistance, 91(5), 469–476.

 

 

دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 57-70

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 شهریور 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار