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بیمارگری قارچ Beauveria bassiana IRAN 441C روی تریپس پیاز و سازگاری آن با حشره کش های فلونیکامید و تیوسیکلام در شرایط آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، صندوق پستی 35856-98613، زابل، ایران.

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، صندوق پستی 35856-98613، زابل، ایران

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، صندوق پستی 35856-98613، زابل، ایران. ی دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

تریپس پیاز یکی از آفات مهم مزارع پیاز در سراسر جهان است که باعث کاهش میزان تولید گیاهان می‌شود. اعمال روش‌های کنترل جایگزین و کاهش غلظت سموم شیمیایی به همراه عوامل بیولوژیک به منظور جلوگیری از آلودگی محیط‌زیست و مقاومت حشرات ضروری است. بر همین اساس، ارزیابی سمیت حشره‌کش‌های فلونیکامید و تیوسیکلام، بیماری‌زایی قارچ Beauveria bassiana و کارایی اختلاط قارچ با حشره‌کش‌ها روی پوره سن دوم تریپس پیاز و فاکتورهای زیستی قارچ بیمارگر اهداف این تحقیق بودند. این مطالعه به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار و در شرایط آزمایشگاه انجام شد. حشرات گروه شاهد با آب مقطر تیمار شدند. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیر LC50 برای فلونیکامید، تیوسیکلام و قارچ B.bassiana به‌ترتیب 3/2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، 3/4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و 107×4/5 کنیدی در میلی‌لیتر بود. با افزایش غلظت حشره‌کش‌ها و قارچ بیمارگر و نیز با افزایش زمان کاربرد آن‌ها، میزان تلفات تریپس پیاز افزایش یافت. فلونیکامید هیچ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮی روی ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ‌زﻧﯽ و رﺷﺪ ﻣﯿﺴﻠﯿﻮﻣﯽ ﻗﺎرچ بیمارگر ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ و ﺑﻪ‌ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر انتخاب شد. نتایج اختلاط قارچ بیمارگر با حشره‌کش‌های مورد مطالعه نشان داد که بیمارگر مورد مطالعه در غلظت 107×6 کنیدی در میلی‌لیتر به‌همراه فلونیکامید در غلظت 2/1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، بهترین ترکیب برای مقابله با تریپس پیاز است. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، می‌توان مخلوط فوق را ﺑﻪ‌ﻋﻨﻮان یک روش جایگزین ﺑﺮای ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶﻫﺎی ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ پس از مطالعات مزرعه‌ای در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ تریپس پیاز توصیه کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana IRAN 441C on onion thrips and its compatibility with ّّّّFlonicamid and Thiocyclam insecticides in laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sana Lotfi 1
  • Ali Mirshekar 1
  • Abbas Khani 2
  • Mehdi Pirnia 3
1 Plant Protection, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98613-35856,, Zabol, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98613-35856,, Zabol Iran.
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98613-35856,, Zabol Iran.
چکیده [English]

Onion thrips is one of the most important pests of onion fields around the world, which reduces plant production. It is necessary to apply alternative strategies and reduce the concentration of chemical insecticides along with biological agents in order to prevent environmental pollution and insect resistance. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the toxicity of Flonicamid and Thiocyclam, the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, and the efficiency of mixing fungus with insecticides on the 2nd instars of onion thrips and the biological factors of the pathogenic fungus. This study was performed as a completely randomized design with four replications under laboratory conditions. Insects in the control group were treated with distilled water. The results showed that LC50 values for Flonicamid, Thiocyclam and B. bassiana were 2.3 mgL-1, 4.3 mgL-1, and 5.4×107 spores mL-1, respectively. With increasing the concentration of insecticides and pathogenic fungus and also with increasing their application time, the mortality rate of onion thrips increased. Flonicamid had no effect on the germination and mycelium growth of the pathogenic fungus and was selected as a compatible insecticide. The results of mixing the pathogenic fungus with the studied insecticides showed that the studied pathogen at the concentration of 6×107 spore mL-1 along with Flonicamid at the concentration of 1.2 mgL-1 is the best combination to deal with onion thrips. Therefore, the above mixture can be recommended as an alternative for chemical insecticides after field studies in integrated management programs of onion thrips.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • Insecticide
  • Mycelium
  • Entomopathogenic fungus
  • Conidia
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