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بررسی برخی راهکارهای غیرشیمیایی مهار نماتد ریشه‌گرهی (Meloidogyne incognita) در فلفل سبزدر شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 هیئت علمی/دانشگاه گیلان

3 سازمان جهاد دانشگاهی گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر کود مرغی، ورمی‏کمپوست، پودر غنی‏شده مایکوریز، مایع ورمی‏واش، مایع دارای میکروارگانیسم‏های مؤثر و نماتدکش راگبی گرانول 10% بر کاهش خسارت نماتد ریشه‏گرهی Meloidogyne incognita و بهبود رشد گیاه فلفل قلمی بررسی شده است. نماتد از ریشه‌های آلوده فلفل در مزارع آستانه اشرفیه جمع‌آوری شد. پس از جداسازی، خالص‌سازی و تکثیر نماتد روی گوجه‌فرنگی رقم ارلی‌اوربانا، گونه آن تعیین گردید. آزمون به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار روی فلفل قلمی رقم حساس دیماز در طی دو مرحله در شرایط گلخانه با دمای °C3 ± 25 درجه سلسیوس انجام شد. گیاهان در مرحله شش برگی با جمعیت 4000 تخم و لارو سن دوم مایه‌زنی شدند. بعد از گذشت دو ماه، شاخص‏های نماتد شامل تعداد گال، کیسه‌ی تخم و تخم‌ها در ریشه، تعداد لارو سن دوم درون خاک و فاکتور تولیدمثل، هم‏چنین شاخص‏های رشدی گیاه شامل وزن تر و خشک ریشه، طول و حجم ریشه، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، طول اندام هوایی، تعداد گل و تعداد میوه بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی تیمارها نسبت به شاهد دارای اختلاف معنی‏دار بوده و سبب کاهش تعداد گال و جمعیت نماتد شدند. بهترین تیمار جهت مهار نماتد کود مرغی و مؤثرترین تیمار برای افزایش شاخص‏های رشدی گیاه، مایه‏زنی با مایکوریز بود. اثرات مثبت راه‏کارهای دوستدار طبیعت در مهار نماتد ریشه‏گرهی می‌تواند نویدبخش جایگزینی با سموم مخرب شیمیایی و اتخاذ روش‏های پایدار در مدیریت نماتدهای انگل گیاهی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of some non-chemical approaches to control the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on pepper under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Sehati 1
  • Salar Jamali 2
  • Sayed Mohsen Nassaj Hosseini 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, Facculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection-Faculty of Agricultural Sciences-University of Guilan
3 Academic Center of Education, Culture and Research, Rasht. Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effects of poultry manure, vermicompost, enriched mycorrhizal powder, vermicompost liquid, effective microorganism’s liquid and Rugby nematicide 10% G on reducing the damage of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and on improving plant growth of cayenne pepper has been investigated. The nematode was collected from infected pepper roots in Astana Ashrafieh fields. After isolation, the nematode was reared on tomato (cv. Early Urbana) and identified. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with four replicates on the susceptible cayenne pepper cultivar (Dimaz) in two turns at 25 ± 3°C under greenhouse conditions. Plants were inoculated at the six-leaf stage with a population of 4000 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2s). After two months, nematode indices including number of galls, egg sacs, eggs per root, J2s in soil and reproduction factor, and plant growth indices (fresh and dry weight of roots, root length and volume, fresh and dry weight of shoots, shoot length, number of flowers and number of fruits) were recorded. The results showed that all treatments significantly reduced the number of galls and nematode population compared to the control. The best treatment for nematode control was poultry manure and the most effective treatment for increasing plant growth indices was mycorrhiza. The positive effect of nature-friendly strategies in controlling the root-knot nematode could be a promising substitute for destructive chemical nematicides and a sustainable strategy for managing plant-parasitic nematodes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • mycorrhiza
  • management
  • root-knot nematode
  • vermicompost

مراجع

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دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 109-117

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 دی 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 تیر 1401

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