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ارزیابی میزان سمیت آفت‌کش‌های استامی‌پرید، دیکلرووس و آزادیراختین روی شتة جالیز Aphis frangulae gossypii و زنبور انگلوارة آن Lysiphlebus fabarum

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان

3 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

شتة جالیز  Aphis frangulae gossypii Gloverیکی از آفات مهم خیار به­شمار‌ می‌آید و زنبور انگلوارة (پارازیتوئید) Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshallبه‌عنوان یک عامل زیست (بیو)کنترل، می‌تواند در کشتزارها و گلخانه­ها علیه این آفت به‌کار گرفته شود. در این پژوهش، حساسیت سن‌های مختلف پورگی شته و مرحلة شفیرگی زنبور به غلظت توصیه‌شدة مزرعه­ای و نیم غلظت آفت­کش­های استامی­پرید، دیکلرووس و آزادیراختین با روش غوطه­وری بررسی شد. همچنین اثرگذاری پایداری و آزمون زیست­سنجی آفت­کش­ها روی حشرة کامل انگلواره ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش سن پورگی شته، سمیت آفت­کش­ها به‌طور معنی­داری کاهش یافته است. آفت­کش دیکلرووس روی مرحلة شفیرگی زنبور، بیشترین تلفات را نشان داد. میزان LC50 استامی­پرید 18/28، دیکلرووس 052/7 و آزادیراختین 338/1780 میکروگرم بر لیتر روی زنبور محاسبه شد. بر پایة استاندارد سازمان جهانی کنترل زیستی (بیولوژیک)، آزادیراختین با پایداری کمتر از پنج روز، دیکلرووس بین 5 تا 15 و استامی­پرید بین 16 تا 30 روز به ترتیب در گروه ترکیب‌های ناپایدار (A)، کمی پایدار (B) و به نسبت پایدار (C) قرار گرفتند. برابر با نتایج به‌دست‌آمده در کنترل شتة جالیز، آزادیراختین قابلیت تلفیق بیشتری با زنبور انگلواره دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The toxicity of acetamiprid, dicholorvos and azadirachtin pesticides on melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover and Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Almasi 1
  • Majeed Askari Seyahooei 2
  • Yadolah Khajehzadeh 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khozestan, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cotton aphid, Aphis frangulae gossypii Glover, is a major pest of cucumber in Iran. One of the important parasitoids playing role in population control of this pest in the fields and greenhouses is Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall. In this study, we investigated sensitivity of different instars of cotton aphids and pupal stage of L. fabarum to field recommended and half-recommended concentration of three pesticides, acetamiprid, dichlorvos and azadirachtin by leaf dipping method. The persistence toxicity test and bioassays were also carried out on adult of parasitoid. Results revealed a significant reduction in the toxicity by increasing the nymphal stages of the aphid. These results also demonstrated the highest mortality for dichlorvos on pupal stage ofparasitoid. According to obtained results, LC50 of acetamiprid was 28.18, for dichlorvos was 7.052 and for azadirachtin was 1780.338, µg/lit on adult of parasitoid respectively. Based on IOBC categories, azadirachtin with stability of less than 5days, dichlorvos with stability 5-15 days and acetamiprid with stability between 15-31 days were classified as short lived (class A), slightly persistent (class B) and moderately persistent (class C), respectively. These results approved a better integration potential of azadirachtin with the parasitoid, L. fabarum, for aphid control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bioassay
  • Mortality
  • reduced concentration
  • residual toxicity

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 تیر 1395

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