c3518cb17d976b8

بررسی مقاومت نژادگان‌های انتخابی گندم نان در مراحل گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه کامل نسبت به پاتوتیپ غالب عامل بیماری زنگ زرد در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه در استان کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان

3 مربی پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه و دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه کردستان

4 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

در این پژوهش واکنش 24 نژادگان (ژنوتیپ) گندم منتخب تجاری و رگه (لاین)­های در دست معرفی استان کرمانشاه نسبت به نژاد غالب قارچ عامل بیماری زنگ زرد (6E158A+) بررسی شد. مقاومت گیاهچه­ایی در شرایط گلخانه و مقاومت گیاه کامل در شرایط گندمزار از راه ایجاد آلودگی مصنوعی با استفاده از اسپور عامل بیماری ارزیابی و پس از یادداشت‌برداری تجزیۀ داده­ها انجام گرفت. نتایج تجزیۀ خوشه‌ای داده­ها بر پایۀ تیپ آلودگی در مرحلۀ گیاهچه‌ای نشان داد، 8 درصد نژادگان­ها دارای ژن­هایی مقاوم با اثر کوچک و یا ژن­هایی بزرگ اثر که تظاهر مقاومت آن­ها ناقص است، هستند و دیگر نژادگان­ها توسط ژن­های بزرگ اثر کنترل می­شوند. در مرحلۀ گیاه کامل میزان سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (AUDPC) و میزان نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (rAUDPC) نژادگان­های گندم محاسبه شد. تجزیۀ خوشه­ای نژادگان­ها بر پایۀ تیپ آلودگی برگ اول گیاه در مرحلۀ گیاهچه­ای با سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری نشان داد، 29 درصد نژادگان­ها دارای حساسیت در مرحلۀ گیاهچه و گیاه کامل، 8 درصد نژادگان­ها در مرحلۀ گیاهچه­ای حساس و در مرحلۀ گیاه کامل مقاوم و 25 درصد نژادگان­ها مقاومت در هر دو مرحلۀ رشدی گیاه گندم داشتند. نتایج مشخص کرد میان تیپ آلودگی برگ اول در مرحلۀ گیاهچه­ای با ضریب آلودگی و AUDPC برگ پرچم همبستگی بالا و معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال 1 درصد وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the seedling and full-grown plant resistance of wheat genotypes to the yellow rust dominant pathotype in Kermanshah Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rojin Moradi 1
  • Jahanshir Amini 2
  • Gholamhoosain Ahmadi 3
  • Hediyeh Badakhshan 4
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Instructor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Kermanshah Province, and Ph. D. Candidate, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Responses of twenty four selected wheat genotypes including commercial cultivars and isogenic lines against the yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; 6E158A+ pathotype) were evaluated in Kermanshah province, Iran. Infection type and disease severity as the resistance characteristics were studied in greenhouse and field conditions for seedlings and adult plants respectively. Cluster analysis of seedling stages based on infection type indicated that 8% of the genotypes had probably resistant genes with minor while major effects and other genotypes were controlled by major effect genes. Area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC) criteria were calculated for wheat genotypes in adult plants stages. Cluster analysis using infection type of the first leaf data showed that 29% of the genotypes were susceptible in seedling and adult plant stages; 8% of genotypes were sensitive in the seedling stage but resistant in the adult stage. Additionally, it was found that 25% of the genotypes were resistant in whole periods of growth. High significant correlation (P≤0.01) was calculated for the infection type of the first leaf and two other parameters included AUDPC of flag leaf and infection coefficient.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adult plant resistance
  • infection type
  • seedling resistance
  • Wheat
  • yellow rust

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 خرداد 1396

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